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Passive optical networking uses fiber optic cabling and requires few switch points. There are three configurations: FTTC, FTTB, and FTTH. The network carries the signal to the termination point without additional power. Each user has a fixed amount of bandwidth, which can be adjusted by the administrator. The network can connect with external systems.
The PON, or passive optical network, is a network structure that carries fiber optic cabling and related signaling a short distance from the termination point. Rather than relying on a network made up of multiple switch interfaces to carry the signal, passive optical networking employs a structure that may require no more than a few switch points. There may be one switch to allow a sender to hop onto the network and another switch to allow the signal to hop off the network just before it reaches an end user. A passive optical network can be structured in different configurations, depending on the single application and the system limits.
There are essentially three different passive optical network configurations in common use today. One configuration is referred to as fiber-to-curb, or FTTC. This application takes your report to a facility that is literally outside your business or home. A connection is made by the end user to interact with the switch and then allow the signal to complete its journey.
An optical fiber or FTTB takes the signal termination process one step further than FTTC can. With this application of a passive optical network, the signal remains on the network until it enters the building. It is at that point that the signal leaves the originating network and terminates on a local area network which is connected with one or more businesses physically located in the building.
A third type of passive optical network is optical fiber or FTTH. This type of network connectivity carries the signal directly into a switch located in the home and requires nothing more than a connection to a device capable of receiving the transmission to terminate.
The “passive” is a passive optical network which draws attention to the fact that the signaling process does not require any additional power source to keep moving to the termination point. The signal is simply passing through the network and will follow a logical flow until it reaches the end user.
When employed in a standalone system, a passive optical network allows for easy transmission of data to various points along the network. Each end user is allocated a fixed amount of bandwidth for both sending and receiving data. An administrator can make changes to the amount of bandwidth allowed, based on the total network capacity and the individual needs of each end user. In addition, the administrator can configure the network to connect with an external system, such as a cable connection or a traditional telephone line, to allow data to flow into and out of the network from external users.
