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Radioulnar synostosis is a congenital condition where the radius and ulna bones in the forearm are abnormally connected, causing limited arm movement. Surgery is not always successful, and physical therapy may be recommended instead. In severe cases, an osteotomy procedure may be helpful.
Radioulnar synostosis is a medical term used to describe an abnormal connection between the two bones of the forearm, known as the radius and ulna. This is normally a congenital condition, meaning the affected person is born with the defect and it usually affects both arms. In some cases, radioulnar synostosis develops following a traumatic injury to the arm, such as a fracture involving one of these two bones. Treatment usually involves surgery, although the surgery is not always successful. Any questions or concerns about radioulnar synostosis in an individual situation should be discussed with a physician or other medical professional.
There are three basic types of radioulnar synostosis, each classified according to the location of the abnormal connection. In the first type, the radial head is either connected to the ulna or missing completely. In the next type of radioulnar synostosis, the head of the radius has an abnormal shape and is dislocated, connecting with the superior shaft of the ulna. In the final type, the radius and ulna are fused together by a ligament. Regardless of the exact type of connection present, this condition prevents the arm from bending and working normally.
In most cases, radioulnar synostosis is a congenital condition, meaning that a person is born with it. In more than half of these cases, both arms are affected. Occasionally, fusion of these bones can occur after trauma to the arm, particularly a fracture of the radius or ulna. Because of the variance in the severity of disability caused by this condition, each patient must be evaluated individually in order to determine the best treatment option.
Surgical separation of the bones is often not recommended, as this procedure does not bring a high percentage of positive results. In some cases, this may be the only surgical option and may allow for additional use of the affected arm. Because of the potential risks, many doctors will recommend physical therapy as a way to get the most out of your arm instead of attempting this procedure.
A surgical procedure known as an osteotomy may be helpful in severe cases of radioulnar synostosis. This is a procedure that may involve changing the length of one of the bones or it can be used to change the alignment of the bones in the arm. An osteotomy often allows the affected arm to become functional, although the level of function can vary, depending on the individual situation. Full use of the arm may not always be possible, even with surgery.
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