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Italy declared war on Germany in 1943, shifting alliances in World War II. The Whirlpool Galaxy was discovered in 1773, while the US Senate refused to ratify the Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty in 1999. The longitudinal meridian of Universal Time was established in 1884, and the White House’s construction began in 1792. The United States Navy was created in 1775, and a comet was first discovered through photography in 1892. The British defeat during the “Battles of Saratoga” prompted France to join the American Revolutionary War in 1777. The first cell phone network in the United States was launched in 1983, and the Ebola virus was identified in 1976. The Republic of Texas adopted a constitution in 1845 to become a US state.
In a major turn of events in World War II, Italy declared war on Germany. (1943) Initially, Italy sided with the Axis powers while under Mussolini’s rule. Once removed from power, however, his chief of staff, General Pietro Badaglio, entered into negotiations with US President Dwight Eisenhower. Italy shifted alliances and joined the allied forces for the duration of the war.
The Whirlpool Galaxy has been discovered. (1773) The spiral galaxy was discovered by the French astronomer Charles Messier. The galaxy, which is about 23 million light-years from Earth, can be clearly seen through binoculars, making it a popular object for amateur astronomers to observe.
The US Senate has refused to ratify the Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty (CTBT). (1999) The treaty provides for a ban on nuclear explosions of any kind. The United Nations adopted the treaty in 1996, but many countries have yet to ratify it.
The longitudinal meridian of Universal Time was established. (1884) With worldwide travel increasingly common, an international time standard was required. The International Meridian Conference established the meridian as local time at the Royal Greenwich Observatory in England.
Construction of the White House began with the laying of the foundation stone. (1792) The White House was originally called the United States Executive Mansion but was renamed in 1818. The estate took eight years to complete.
The United States Navy was created. (1775) The United States Continental Congress, in response to intelligence reports that a British naval fleet was en route at the start of the American Revolutionary War, established the Continental Navy. The military establishment later became the United States Navy.
A comet was first discovered through photography. (1892) Edward Emerson Barnard, an American astronomer, took a photo of comet D/1892 T1, the first of its kind.
The British defeat during the “Battles of Saratoga” prompted France to join the American Revolutionary War, fighting against the British. (1777) In a major turning point in the war, the US military enlisted the support of France in its fight for independence.
The first cell phone network in the United States is launched. (1983) Ameritech Mobile Communications, which later became AT&T, launched the first public cellular network in Chicago, Illinois.
Ebola virus identified. (1976) Dr. Frederick Murphy, chief of viropathology at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, was able to photograph the virus under a microscope.
The Republic of Texas adopted a constitution in an effort to become a US state. (1845) The United States Congress passed the constitution of the republic and Texas was admitted to the Union on December 29, 1845.
