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Dry masonry involves assembling blocks without mortar, relying on friction. It is used for aesthetic appeal, traditional value, and drainage benefits. Experienced masons are required, and it can be used for a variety of projects.
Dry masonry is masonry that is assembled without mortar. Technically, masonry consists of blocks that are butted together and supported by mortar, so one might question the use of the term ‘dry masonry’, but it is generally accepted. Numerous examples of this building technique can be found in ancient architecture, including some very impressive civil engineering works, and it continues to be used in a variety of contexts around the world today.
With dry masonry, the blocks in the design are held together with friction, rather than mortar. Different building materials can be used, with rough rock being a common building choice. Pieces can be trimmed and coated or left relatively untreated, depending on the aesthetic goal of the structure you are creating. Also known as drywalling, this craft must be done by an experienced mason familiar with drywall techniques, or it can be dangerous.
In dry masonry, blocks are carefully stacked and arranged so that the blocks in the structure work to support and hold each other in place. Even a project as simple as a landscape wall takes time and careful planning to ensure the structure is sound. Dry masonry can also be used to build bridge supports and a wide variety of other projects. Whole structures are rarely built in this technique today, although examples of older dry masonry buildings can be seen in some areas of the world.
There are a number of reasons people use this construction technique. It can have a certain aesthetic appeal and some people keep it because it is traditional. Walls for cattle pastures in some areas, for example, were historically made with dry masonry and people conserve the technique because it has historical value and they would like to make sure that the necessary skills are kept alive. Masons who know the technique can teach apprentices and give them advice based on their years of experience.
Using dry masonry can also aid in drainage, which can be helpful. Especially for things like garden walls, a dry masonry wall that is well done can actually be stronger than a conventional masonry wall. People can also use the technique to create a wall that doubles as a habitat for plants and animals, in which case the gaps in the wall will gradually fill over time with colonizing plants.
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