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Grinders use abrasive wheels to shape or resize hard materials, often metal objects. Coolant is used to prevent overheating, but high-precision work may not require it. Different types of grinders are used for different jobs, such as belt grinders for finishing, deburring, and material removal, and bench grinders for shaping tools and metal. Jig grinders are used for complex shapes and holes with high accuracy.
A grinder uses an abrasive wheel as a cutting tool to shape or change the size of a hard material. The type of materials that need grinding are usually metal objects such as tools and chopsticks. These machines generally work by reducing material through abrasion. Typically, the grit from the abrasive wheel chips into the material, changing its shape or size.
Since the process of grinding metal objects often generates a lot of heat, a coolant is often needed to prevent overheating of the material and the machine. In high precision work, coolant may not be needed. High-precision grinding usually involves removing small amounts of material, so very little heat is generated.
The basic parts that a user works with are typically the grinding machine’s powered wheel, the work table where the material is placed, and a device that guides and holds the material. The wheels, which can vary in size, are usually made with a manufactured abrasive such as silicone carbide or aluminum oxide. Depending on the job, the grinding head can move along the material being worked on or the grinding head can be set to stay in a fixed position and the material can be moved around it. The grinding head and worktable positions can be controlled with features such as a vernier calibrated handwheel, numerical control or computer numerical control.
There are different types of grinders. This is necessary because not all machines are designed to do the same types of jobs. For example, a belt grinder is a powered grinding machine used to work metals with the aid of coated abrasives. These machines are typically used for three applications: finishing, deburring and material removal.
Bench grinders are usually hand-operated machines that have two wheels. Each wheel is likely to have different grit sizes, which are used for roughing and finishing. These machines are commonly used to shape tools that need repair, such as tool bits. They are also used to shape metal that is to be welded. Their grinding wheels may need to be changed when working with harder or softer materials.
The jig grinder is used for a variety of functions involving jigs, dies and fixtures. These machines can be used to grind complex shapes and holes with a high degree of accuracy. Jig grinders typically work by using a removable high-speed air chuck to rotate the grinding bits. Whether the speed of a jig grinding machine is fixed or adjustable varies from one machine to another.
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