What’s a compressor filter?

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Compressor filters are devices used on air compressors to filter dirt particles from the intake air supply, to remove contaminants from the compressor lubricating oil, and to trap moisture in the compressed air stream in exit. Air and oil intake filters are usually fitted with cellulose, felt or fabric cassette inserts. Water filters usually consist of a glass bowl and a filter element that separates the condensate from the compressed air. The bowls have a drain tap at the bottom to periodically remove all trapped water. Compressors of all types benefit significantly from the inclusion of all types of compressor filters and as a result, regular inspection of these items will ensure compressor longevity and the integrity of your compressed air supply.

Compressors are devices that draw atmospheric air into a compression head where it is pressurized and stored in a reservoir or tank for later use. Common uses for compressed air include driving air tools, spray painting, or sandblasting. Unfortunately, compressors also suck all airborne contaminants into the system. A buildup of condensate is also an inevitable byproduct of the air compression cycle. Lubricating oil from the compressor head also makes its way into the stored air and, together with dust and moisture, can damage sensitive tools, hoses or sprayed paint.

The most effective way to remove a significant volume of these contaminants is the use of a compressor filter. These devices fall into three basic categories that address all of the common contamination problems found with compressed air systems. The first of these categories is the family of intake air filters. Typically consisting of a cassette insert in a closed cylinder, these devices are placed in the compressor’s intake air line, where they remove the majority of airborne dust particles. These filter elements are usually made from woven, cellulose fiber or felted materials.

The second type of compressor filter is the moisture filter or trap. These filters consist of a filter element in a glass bowl. The filter design results in a cyclonic internal flow pattern, which separates most of the condensate from the air leaving the compressor. The water collects in the basin where it is then discharged via a small valve in its lower part. Models of combined compressor filters are also available that remove leachate lubricating oil and water.

The last type of compressor filter is a standard oil filter which ensures that the compressor lubrication oil is kept free of contaminants. These are also cassette filters that have specialized core elements similar to a car oil filter. The longevity of the compressor mechanism, hoses and all the equipment it drives, as well as the quality of spray painting jobs done with compressed air can be significantly improved by installing these filters. For this reason, these filters should be checked regularly and replaced immediately if worn or defective.

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