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Slurry pumps are used to keep solids suspended in water for safe transportation or prevent damage to machinery. They operate on the principle of centrifugal force and come in different designs for light, medium, or heavy slurry weight. They are used in various industrial applications such as papermaking and concrete production.
A sewage pump is a type of water pump intended for use in situations where solids are accidentally or intentionally suspended in water. Like centrifugal pumps, slurry pumps rotate the water via the impeller. Depending on the specific application, rotation controls particulate matter and prevents solids from entering and causing damage or corrosion to other parts of the machinery. In other applications, a sludge pump is used to keep suspended solids by preventing any settling or other separation of solids from a liquid medium. Some compounds and other materials require suspension in water for safe transportation, using a slurry pump to keep the compounds suspended through constant motion.
Although different models of slurry pumps appear on the market, the basic operating principles remain the same. The pump is housed in a high pressure casing, typically of a semi-spiral shape. Inside the casing are various drives that spin a shaft and set of bearings. The impellers are positioned along the shaft, with vanes to help create the centrifugal force needed to spin the slurry. Once the drives are engaged, the bearings keep the shaft rotating smoothly and consistently, while the impeller swirls or spins the slurry.
To illustrate the effects of a sewage pump, consider a mixture of sand and water in a regular glass. Shake the glass at a high enough speed and the sand will remain suspended in the water. Centrifugal slurry pumps operate on the same principle, albeit driven by belts, drives, and other mechanical components to create the high-pressure centrifugal force needed for large volumes of heavy slurry.
The use of a slurry pump is common in some industrial applications. For example, the mixture of water and cement forms a type of slurry that must remain in motion to prevent the water from evaporating and subsequently drying the cement into the concrete. Concrete mixer trucks are a common example of a centrifugal slurry pump used to transport a slurry compound. Papermaking is another application involving a slurry pump. Wood pulp and water are mixed and centrifuged using a pump during the production of various papers.
Different applications naturally require different centrifugal pumps. Typically, a slurry pump is intended for use as a submersible pump, as applications very often require a high pressure which is best achieved when the impeller is positioned in the slurry. The weight of the slurry determines the type, design and capacity of slurry pump needed. Such designs are most easily categorized by light, medium, or heavy slurry weight.
Light sewage requirements typically arise from the accidental or unwanted introduction of particulate matter, such as with hard water or other solutions with less than five percent solids. The presence of large particulates, high concentrations of particulates or compounds that need suspension for transport require medium or heavy slurry pumps. The size of the particulate matter and the percentage of concentration determine whether a medium or heavy slurry pump is required.
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