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Bacterial bronchitis is a respiratory condition caused by exposure to a pathogen, often difficult to diagnose due to its similarity to viral bronchitis. It can cause permanent lung damage if left untreated and is treated with antibiotics. Symptoms include hoarseness, coughing, and shortness of breath. Treatment focuses on eradicating the infection with antibiotics and relieving symptoms with OTC medications.
Bacterial bronchitis is a potentially serious respiratory condition caused by exposure to a pathogen. Often presenting acutely, this form of bronchitis is usually precipitated by a bacterial infection that adversely affects the delicate bronchial tissue and breathing. Sometimes difficult to diagnose due to its presentation similar to viral bronchitis, bacterial bronchitis is usually treated with antibiotics. Prompt and appropriate treatment is essential to prevent permanent lung damage that can occur if symptoms are ignored.
Exposure to a bacterial-based pathogen is the genesis of the bronchial infection and inflammation associated with bacterial bronchitis. Regular exposure to environmental toxins and pollution can leave delicate bronchial tissue vulnerable to infection. Recent hospitalization can also increase a person’s susceptibility to bronchitis even if their exposure to bacterial pathogens has been minimal. Individuals with compromised immunity, allergies, or those diagnosed with a chronic medical condition, such as lung disease, are also considered to be at risk for this condition.
A diagnosis of bacterial bronchitis is usually made after a thorough consultation and physical exam. Abnormal lung sounds detected during an exam may require further diagnostic tests, including a chest X-ray. When bacterial-related bronchitis is suspected, a sputum or nasal culture may be done to determine the bacteria responsible for inducing the infection. Severely impaired breathing may require pulmonary function and arterial blood gas analysis to measure lung volume and blood oxygen levels.
Bronchitis has several telltale signs that can present to varying degrees depending on the severity of the infection. Individuals will often experience hoarseness, widespread pain, and a persistent, deep cough that may produce discolored sputum. Bronchial congestion can impair breathing, causing wheezing and shortness of breath. It is not uncommon for some individuals to tire easily or feel out of breath with little or no physical effort. Individuals with an existing infection, compromised immunity, and those who smoke often experience more pronounced symptoms.
Individuals experiencing signs of possible bronchial infection should not ignore their symptoms. If left untreated, bacterial bronchitis can contribute to pneumonia and chronic bronchitis. Those who have been diagnosed with a chronic respiratory disease, such as asthma or emphysema, are especially vulnerable to developing bronchopneumonia.
Treatment for bacterial bronchitis usually focuses on eradicating the infection. It is essential that the prescribed antibiotic medication is taken as directed and in its entirety to prevent reinfection. Supplemental over-the-counter (OTC) medications, such as pain relievers and cough suppressants, may also be taken to relieve symptoms. Individuals are encouraged to stay hydrated and get enough rest to prevent complications.
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