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Diogenes syndrome is a behavioral disorder characterized by self-neglect, poor hygiene, and compulsive hoarding, often found in older adults who live alone or have experienced trauma. It is difficult to treat, and patients may refuse care. It is thought to be a form of personality disorder triggered by stress, with possible frontal lobe disturbances. Treatment may include medication and socialization in day care centers.
Diogenes syndrome is an unusual behavioral disorder in which patients exhibit symptoms of self-neglect, poor housekeeping, and compulsive hoarding. These symptoms can occur in older adults who live alone or in those who have experienced a traumatic event. Patients may have symptoms of dementia, but often these patients are mentally competent. Self-neglect and poor hygiene can lead to malnutrition and other physical health problems.
This ailment was originally named after the eccentric Greek philosopher Diogenes of Sinope, who was known for being an outcast and living in a market. He didn’t believe in relying on others or material possessions. These traits have been described in case reports of patients with Diogenes syndrome; however, most patients have additional symptoms, such as compulsive hoarding, that Diogenes did not have. Diogenes syndrome is often referred to as senile squalor syndrome.
Many patients with Diogenes syndrome live alone, are lonely and have few friends. These elderly patients seem indifferent to their own hygiene or unhealthy living conditions. They do not seek help for this condition, and it is often discovered by a relative or neighbor. Many of these patients are wary of others and can be uncooperative. They will often refuse care from health care providers and ask to be left alone.
This disorder is thought to be a form of personality disorder that can be triggered by a stressful event such as the loss of a spouse. Some patients may have additional symptoms such as dementia or schizophrenia, but many are highly intelligent and aware of their situation. Scientists believe that patients with Diogenes syndrome may have some disturbance in the frontal lobe of the brain that controls decision-making and concern for one’s well-being.
Treating this disorder can be challenging. Patients are often hospitalized for short periods of time for acute physical health problems. After recovery, these patients may be moved to a nursing home, but most want to return to their homes. Having your home cleaned by professionals is often only a temporary fix, as the condition usually returns to its original state.
These patients are usually suspicious of others, so caregivers or relatives must work to develop a trusting relationship with the patient. Aggressive treatment can cause patients to withdraw and become more reclusive. Treatment options also include medications to treat other symptoms, such as depression or OCD. Socializing these patients in day care centers may also be a treatment option.
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