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International development law aims to address economic and social inequalities caused by past exploitation through agreements and policies between developed and developing nations. The traditional focus on economic development has shifted towards a human-centered approach, including human rights, sovereignty, and natural resource equity. Non-governmental organizations promote an inclusive approach to engagement, with a bottom-up development process that prioritizes human development driving economic development. The modern definition encompasses all areas of international law that impact a country’s long-term success, including foreign aid, healthcare, education, environment, human rights, gender equality, governance, and the economy.
International development law is the amalgamation of agreements, treaties, principles, policies and contracts between developed nations and institutions organized by developed and less developed or developing nations that seek to provide solutions to the economic and social inequalities created by past exploitation . Traditionally, this area of international law was focused solely on economic development. A more modern approach focuses on laws supporting holistic human development, which only includes economics as part of a larger human-centered agenda.
International development law crystallized after the Second World War and the subsequent decolonization of the countries of Africa and Asia. Basic international development at that time was defined by the principles of human rights, the sovereignty of nations that had been governed as colonies of other countries, and the right of these burgeoning nations to benefit from their natural resources and to establish economic equity with other nations. developed in the world. This time period saw the transfer of major natural resources located in less developed countries from colonial powers to local governments, such as oil fields, plantations and mines. Major international economic institutions, such as the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund, were also established during this period.
Development, as a concept, was concerned with nations, with the creation of economies and markets, and with investment in infrastructure. The International Development Act has supported projects agreed by governments. People living in underdeveloped countries have often been left out of the equation. Many economic projects have mainly benefited the regime that controls the country and the functional elite, and not the vast majority of people living in poverty. Activists began arguing that international development was harming more than helping.
Non-governmental organizations and other human-centered groups and institutions have begun to redefine international development law with an emphasis on an inclusive approach to engagement in other countries. Instead of a top-down economic approach, these organizations initiate the development process at the bottom of the economic pyramid, determining what is needed locally by including people in the decision-making process. This holistic approach is about human development driving economic development.
The modern definition of international development law includes the legal, customary and practical agreements and rules surrounding all areas of international law that may have an impact on the long-term success of a country. This includes foreign aid, healthcare, education, the environment, human rights, gender equality, governance and the economy. Through the confluence of social, cultural, political, environmental, and economic supports, new theorists believe that truly transformative development can take place. Whether traditionalist or modernist, international development is no longer the sole responsibility of governments.
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