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Socket programming uses sockets to connect software between different computers or within the same computer. It is used for instant messengers, browsers, file sharing, and interprocessing. Sockets are bidirectional and can be dangerous if maliciously used. Most sockets are programmed automatically, but some require basic socket programming knowledge.
Socket programming is a programming scheme in which sockets are used and manipulated to create a connection between software. Sockets are used to connect software between different computers or within the same computer so that programs can share data. Socket programming is used with instant messengers, Internet browsers, file sharing programs, and anything that forces a computer to connect to a system. Most sockets are programmed automatically, but some operating systems (OS) place this responsibility on the user.
Socket programming involves using a list of commands to connect a socket from one computer to another. For example, for an instant messenger to work, it needs to connect to a second computer. To make this connection, a socket is used. By forging the connection, the two computers are now able to connect and talk to each other.
Peer-to-peer (P2P) programs are special cases when it comes to socket programming. Most programs act as either a client or a server. A P2P program acts as both, which is why users are able to download files from one person while the files are downloaded by the user at the same time.
While most socket programming is used so that two computers can interact, it is also useful for two programs on the same computer. Known as interprocessing, this allows one program to take information from another program and use it. For example, if a program is a presentation creator and needs information from a video program to play the videos in the slide, a plug is created to connect the presentation and video programs. Interprocessing is common, but not as common as using sockets between two computers.
When using socket programming, the programmer and the user must remember that sockets are bidirectional. This means that both computers can talk to each other and at the same time fetch data from each other. Opening a computer to another system can be dangerous, because the other side will be able to launch an attack if its user is malicious. This is rare, however, and connecting an outlet to another system is usually safe.
Sockets are usually created automatically on the operating system or with limited programming. In operating system interfaces where the command line is used frequently, the user will often have to manually create sockets. This forces the user to know some basic socket programming in order to make these important connections. If the socket is not created, the computer will not be able to communicate with other systems, limiting the computer’s usefulness.
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