Allergy shots can cause mild symptoms such as a runny nose and swelling around the injection site. Severe reactions can lead to anaphylactic shock, which can be life-threatening. Treatment is important, and patients are monitored for up to an hour after receiving the shot.
An allergic reaction to allergy shots is quite common, but many of the symptoms are quite mild. Most patients who get allergy shots will experience mild versions of their normal allergy symptoms, including a runny nose and watery eyes. Swelling on or around the injection site is also quite common. A severe reaction, however, can sometimes lead to anaphylactic shock. If the throat swells, it will cause breathing difficulties or possibly death.
Allergy shots are very similar to vaccines and contain small amounts of allergens, substances that a person may be allergic to. When these allergens are injected into the body, the immune system produces antibodies, but not as many as in other circumstances. Over time, the idea is that the body gets used to the allergen and stops reacting to it. Meanwhile, though, nearly everyone has an allergic reaction to the shots.
Many times, people experience typical allergy symptoms after receiving an injection. For example, if a person experiences watery eyes and nasal congestion when exposed to pollen, she will often experience these symptoms when getting an injection for this allergy. These symptoms are usually very mild, however, and usually last no more than a few days. An oral antihistamine can help reduce the reaction.
Local skin reactions, such as swelling and redness around the injection site, after an allergy shot are not uncommon. These symptoms can start immediately after allergy shots or several hours later. Like the other symptoms, they are usually minor and often go away quickly.
A more serious reaction to allergy shots can include anaphylactic shock, which can cause a drop in blood pressure. If this occurs, a person may feel dizzy or lightheaded and possibly pass out. A rapid heartbeat can also occur during a severe allergic reaction. Some people may experience severe swelling of the face and surrounding areas, including the eyes, lips or tongue. Swelling in the throat can narrow the airways, causing difficulty breathing.
Treating an allergic reaction to allergy shots is very important as, without the proper treatment, a person could die. Patients who get allergy shots are usually required to stay in an exam room or waiting room for up to an hour afterward. This gives medical professionals the opportunity to watch them for any adverse reactions. If this occurs, an injection of epinephrine (adrenaline) may be needed to reverse these side effects.
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