Allergic reactions to codeine can range from mild to life-threatening, with symptoms including sweating, headache, and difficulty breathing. Anaphylaxis, a severe reaction, can be fatal and requires immediate medical attention. Epinephrine may be prescribed as a potentially life-saving treatment. Medical professionals should be informed of any codeine allergies.
An allergic reaction to codeine is relatively rare and can range from mild to life-threatening. Mild symptoms may include sweating, headache, or skin flushing. More serious signs may involve disorientation, visual disturbances or hallucinations, while serious reactions may include dizziness, heart palpitations or difficulty breathing.
Most people who are allergic to codeine will experience symptoms the first time the drug is taken, although occasionally a person may have a reaction after taking the drug successfully in the past. Medical professionals should always be informed if a patient has ever had an allergic reaction to codeine so that alternative medications can be used. A prescription drug known as epinephrine may be prescribed after an allergic reaction has occurred. This potentially life-saving drug is given as an injection and is carried at all times in case allergy symptoms return in the future.
In most cases, an allergic reaction will cause symptoms to develop within seconds to minutes of introducing codeine into the body. A person’s exact reaction will depend on the severity of the allergy, but common symptoms include headache, hives, and mild to moderate swelling. Visual disturbances or excessive sweating may also occur.
More serious signs of an allergic reaction to codeine can include heart palpitations, extreme dizziness, or changes in blood pressure. In some cases, the patient may become disoriented or go into shock. Cardiac arrest is not a common symptom, but it is possible for a codeine allergy to lead to heart problems, including cardiac arrest or sudden death.
Signs that are serious and potentially life-threatening include swelling of the face, difficulty breathing, and loss of consciousness. This type of severe allergic reaction is known as anaphylaxis and can prove fatal within minutes, especially if you don’t get immediate medical help. Hospitalization is usually required for this type of reaction, and the patient may need mechanical aid for breathing or other life support measures. A person who has experienced an anaphylactic reaction to codeine should be careful to avoid this drug in the future, and all medical personnel should be reminded of the allergy at each visit.
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