Automated storage systems use computer-controlled machinery to move items in environments such as warehouses or libraries. They offer benefits such as reduced workforce, smaller floor space, and increased efficiency. Different types of automation include fixed lane systems, vertical and horizontal carousels, and vertical lift modules. Libraries have also started adopting this technology to store and retrieve reading materials.
An automated storage system uses machinery, often computer controlled, to move items to and from shelves in an environment such as a warehouse or library. In large systems, barcodes can be used to identify items, which can be held in storage containers and retrieved by robotic cranes. The benefits of an automated storage system include a smaller workforce, reduced floor space requirements, greater ability to control the storage environment in terms of safety, temperature and humidity, and increased speed and efficiency.
Automated filing systems are also referred to as automated filing and retrieval systems, or ASRS, because the robotic equipment is capable of retrieving items for use, as well as sorting and depositing them within the system. Different types of automated machines can be employed according to a company’s needs. For example, in warehouse management, types of automation might include so-called fixed lane systems, horizontal and vertical carousels, and vertical lift modules.
In an automated fixed-aisle system, metal racks line both sides of an aisle and a robotic crane travels along it, depositing and extracting boxes at various heights. The movements of the crane are programmable and can be controlled from a computer terminal. Another type of automated equipment, the vertical lift module, consists of a computer-controlled elevator that travels between two vertical sets of racks, depositing and retrieving containers.
Carousels, both vertical and horizontal, are often a feature of an automated storage system. A vertical carousel is a unit that rotates in a vertical direction, is divided into shelves and takes up little space. The amount of rotation is automatically controlled to bring the shelves into the correct position for the user, and items are often removed manually. With a horizontal carousel, where the unit rotates horizontally, items are often automatically drawn. Carousel usages range from file storage in an office to automated material handling in a warehouse.
After the success of the automated warehouse, libraries have started adopting automated storage system technology. Reading materials that are fragile or less frequently accessed, such as magazines, are commonly fed into the automated system. Identifying barcodes are attached to items, which are stored within storage bins within densely packed racks. Using a robotic crane it is possible to store containers to make the most of the available space that is difficult to access for humans. When patrons request items from their computers, they are selected by the crane and delivered to library staff almost instantly.
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