Scar tissue in the back can be caused by surgery, repetitive motion, and impact injuries. Adhesions form to stabilize injured areas, but can cause pain. Surgery causes external and internal scars, while repetitive motion and impact injuries cause scar tissue to form in tendons and muscles.
Scar tissue in the back can be caused by various medical problems and procedures, but the most common is surgery. Scar tissue forms when the body is injured and turns into fibrous tissue that acts like a mesh, stabilizing the injured area while the injured muscles or tendons try to heal themselves naturally. These adhesions may eventually heal on their own, they may remain without causing major problems, or they may be a constant source of pain for the person who has them. Although surgery is the main cause of scar tissue in the back, underlying damage from repetitive motion and impact injuries can also cause adhesions to form in tendons and muscles.
Surgical procedures cause varying amounts of internal and external posterior scar tissue. External scars are caused by the incisions made by the surgeon because once the skin is cut into sections, a line will be present, forming the scar which is visible. Internal scar tissue is similar to external scar tissue except they cannot be seen. As with external scars, these scars form when muscle and fatty areas are cut and spread apart to allow the surgeon access to the damaged area, or areas, on the inside of the back. The adhesions begin to form immediately, and when the incision is closed, they will create a bond between the two sides that have been cut, forming the inner scar tissue of the back.
Repetitive movements can also cause scar tissue in the back. The reason for this is because when muscles and tendons become overloaded, they can stretch and tear, causing internal damage. As described above, adhesions will form in an attempt to form a bond between the two damaged parts, allowing them to heal naturally. In severe cases the adhesions will not go away, but will instead form into posterior scar tissue.
The last way adhesions form is when impact injuries occur. Damage to the back can cause spinal injuries that allow fluid to drain into the back or can cause swelling within the spinal cord. As spinal fluid drains into the back, fibrous tissues form, producing scar tissue. Spinal cord swelling works in a similar way, except that the adhesions form due to lack of oxygen within the surrounding muscles and tendons. Areas deficient in oxygen will form scar tissue inside the back in an attempt to heal them.
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