Choosing a fish cage involves considering factors such as design, cost, netting, mesh size, weather conditions, predators, fish species, local laws, and hole size. Fixed and floating cages are cost-effective, while submerged ones are expensive. Mesh size should allow water flow and prevent leakage.
Several factors must be taken into account when choosing a fish cage. Often the most important considerations for most fish farming operations are the design and associated cost of each type of cage. The correct type of netting and mesh size are also vital when building an aquaculture cage.
For small fisheries, especially those operating in shallow water, a fixed aquaculture cage is usually the most cost-effective option. These cages are usually made of netting that has been stretched around posts to form an enclosure. The net and poles are often extended several meters above the waterline to prevent fish from escaping.
Floating cages are also mainly made up of netting and are therefore reasonably priced. This type of aquaculture cage is designed to move with water currents and can withstand most lake and river conditions with minimal wear and tear. These fish cages are usually supported by buoy systems and can be enlarged or reduced in size relatively easily.
The possibility of extreme weather must be considered when choosing an aquaculture cage. High waves and winds can damage cages that rely on buoys and anchorage. Because these conditions are common in marine aquaculture, fish cages used in the oceans are often submerged or submerged. These cages are usually the most expensive option, because they often require the use of metal frames and netting.
Although the use of netting is largely predetermined by the design of a fish cage, certain conditions warrant the use of an alternative material. In areas where predators can gain access to fish, an aquaculture cage may require metal cages to protect against loss. The species of fish kept may also require consideration, as some breeds are notorious for their ability to shred even the toughest nylon nets.
Local laws can also affect the choice of cage material. Some areas have banned the use of metal cages due to possible ecological damage caused by the metals oxidizing. Some areas have also banned certain types of compensation. In particular, the use of chemically treated nylon netting to prevent fish waste from adhering is often illegal.
The size of the holes within the net is also important. Spaces should be large enough to allow free flow of water, but small enough to prevent leakage. Although many fisheries tend to err on the side of caution by choosing smaller meshes, many professionals advise against this practice. Offal from larger fish is often housed in fine mesh, restricting water flow and consequently resulting in dangerously low oxygen levels.
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