Silt control can be achieved through various methods such as diverting water, stabilizing soil, creating retaining ponds, and using mulch. Temporary drains, silt fences, and erosion covers are also effective. Homeowners can use mulch and save topsoil. Failure to control silt can harm aquatic life and cause flooding.
Silt control can be achieved by diverting water away from rivers, streams, and drains, stabilizing the soil in construction areas, and creating retaining ponds to contain sediment. If work is being done near manhole covers, they may be temporarily sealed until the nearby ground settles. The silt that builds up can be removed to prevent it from entering the wastewater system. The use of mulch and greenery to retain dirt are other effective silt control measures.
Temporary drains can be constructed to divert runoff water away from areas where the soil is loose. They can be made from pipes, hoses, or other materials so that water can flow to vegetated areas that are less prone to erosion. Concrete drains are generally effective on sloping and permanent sites to allow the soil and vegetation to remain intact.
On some larger construction sites, silt control is managed by building a silt fence around the perimeter of an area before grading begins. A special mesh material is attached to the posts to contain water runoff and prevent it from traveling into waterways or sewers. The retaining pond can be seeded once the project is complete to stabilize the soil and keep it in place. Construction companies might wash trucks leaving construction areas or use gravel paths to clear dirt off tires, to help keep silt on site.
On steep slopes, erosion covers may be required. These materials are secured to the top of the slope with staples to ensure they stay in place. Sometimes these blankets are used along mountain highways where deep cuts in the earth are needed to build the road. They can be purchased in rolls of natural or synthetic fibers and cut to size.
Several methods for silt control can be performed by homeowners without much effort. If the work is done during the dry season, the soil is less likely to be washed away. The disturbed area can be covered with mulch and seeded before the start of the rainy season, to allow for new plant growth. Topsoil can also be saved to be put back into areas where work has been done to provide nutrients for new seedlings.
When silt control is not used, topsoil displaced by construction or inclement weather can pollute waterways and harm aquatic life. Runoff sediments entering flood control channels can clog pipes and flood adjacent properties. If too much silt flows into ports, they sometimes become shallower over time and may eventually become worthless.
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