Blepharitis causes swollen or inflamed eyelids, with symptoms including changes in eyelash growth and oil buildup. It can progress to affect the eye itself, causing redness, discomfort, and vision problems. Proper diagnosis is important as symptoms can be inconclusive.
Blepharitis occurs when an individual’s eyelid becomes swollen or inflamed. Causes range from bacterial infection to allergies, but symptoms typically include a change in eyelash growth and a buildup of oil on the eyelids. As the condition progresses, symptoms of blepharitis can also show up in the eye itself, typically with a red, bloodshot appearance. Vision problems can also develop in severe cases and can include blurred vision and discomfort around bright lights and sunlight.
Different symptoms of blepharitis manifest in different parts of the eye. It is mainly an eyelid condition, early symptoms usually may include swollen eyelids, dry skin in the affected eye area, or oil collection in the eyelid. The eyelids may also feel raw and red, especially in the area around the base of the lashes. This is often accompanied by an itchy sensation, which may or may not lead to thinning eyelashes from both the eyelid condition and eye rubbing. The eyelids themselves may become crusty if not properly cleaned, or there may be a dry buildup in the morning.
Eyelashes are part of the body’s defense system to protect the eye from infection and foreign particles, so blepharitis symptoms involving eyelash loss or thinning can impact eye health as well. The eyes may become red and irritated, and there may be a dry, uncomfortable feeling. As the condition progresses, it is also possible for the surface of the eye to develop scratches from the individual rubbing the eye in an attempt to relieve the irritation.
The base of the lashes themselves may begin to develop a crusty film, which can cause individual lashes to stick together. If the condition is left untreated, the scab can block the ducts near the eye and cause styes and irregular eyelash growth. When this occurs, the eyelid can acquire a rough and unhealthy appearance. This roughness can add to the feeling that there is something in the eye that can’t be washed out.
By themselves, the symptoms of blepharitis can be inconclusive. This condition commonly exists in individuals who develop repeated styes or have allergies that cause dry, irritated, or watery eyes. For those who wear eye makeup, not removing all of it can also lead to the development of blepharitis. These conditions along with the different symptoms of blepharitis can help guide the diagnosis.
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