Brain damage can be temporary or permanent and can result from injury or disease. Symptoms vary depending on which part of the brain is affected, including difficulty walking, talking, remembering, and processing. Treatment may include therapies such as physical or speech therapy. Adjusting to daily life and seeking proper treatment is important for those living with brain damage.
Brain damage can be temporary or permanent and is the result of a variety of causes, including injury and disease. The brain is the control center of the body and damage can lead to many problems. Most commonly, the effects of brain damage include difficulty walking, talking, remembering things, and cognition or processing.
The temporary effects of brain damage can be the result of head trauma, oxygen deprivation, or mini-stroke. In many cases, full recovery is possible after healing has been completed. Some people receive therapies, such as physical or speech therapy. The exact symptoms vary depending on which part of the brain is affected.
The permanent effects of brain damage are most commonly the result of diseases and conditions that cause ongoing damage, such as strokes, aneurysms, epilepsy, and cerebral palsy. These causes do not allow the brain to heal before further damage occurs, and sometimes the damage cannot be repaired.
The frontal lobe, or forehead area, largely controls movement, focus, and personality. The effects of brain damage in this region include paralysis, lack of concentration and mood changes. Many people with frontal lobe damage may show changes in personality and social behavior that are out of the ordinary.
Symptoms of parietal lobe damage include difficulty differentiating left and right and difficulty reading or drawing. Hand and eye coordination can also be affected. Failure to correctly name objects is also linked to parietal lobe damage.
The effects of brain damage to the occipital lobes are mainly limited to vision. Difficulty identifying objects and colors, recognizing the movement of objects, and experiencing visual hallucinations are common symptoms. People with damage to this region may also have speech blindness and visual field cuts.
Above the ears on both sides of the head are the temporal lobes. The effects of brain damage in this area can include persistent speech, aggression, and long-term memory problems. Some damage can also cause short-term memory lapses, problems recognizing faces, and difficulty processing spoken words. In some cases, a marked increase or decrease in sexual behavior is possible.
Damage to the brainstem can lead to more pronounced functional difficulties. Difficulty swallowing liquids and foods, difficulty maintaining balance, and sleep problems are common. For some people, dizziness, nausea, and environmental perception problems are evident, while others may only show trouble breathing while talking.
Damage to the cerebellum causes problems with general movement. The cerebellum controls fine movements, walking, speech, and rapid movements. Brain damage in this region can affect any or all of these functions.
Whether the damage is temporary or permanent, living with brain damage can be difficult. Adjusting to daily life and making accommodations is important. Seeking proper treatment for problems caused by brain damage can help sufferers learn to function as normally as possible.
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