The US Constitution does not specify qualifications for Supreme Court justices, including age, education, or citizenship. The president can nominate anyone, but Senate confirmation is necessary. There have been justices born outside the US and with varying levels of education and experience.
The Supreme Court was established by Article Three of the United States Constitution, which went into effect in 1789. But nothing in the Constitution specifies what qualifications a judge should have. There are no restrictions on age, level of education or whether an applicant has to be a born citizen. A Supreme Court justice doesn’t even need a law degree, although the Senate confirmation process these days could quickly rule out such a candidate. In short, the US president can nominate anyone to serve on the Supreme Court—getting them approved by the Senate is another matter.
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There have been six Supreme Court justices born outside the United States. The most recent was the Austrian Felix Frankfurter, who served on the field from 1939 to 1962.
The youngest judge ever appointed was Joseph Story. He was 32 when he joined the court in 1812. Oliver Wendell Holmes Jr. and John Paul Stevens were both 90 when they retired in 1932 and 2010, respectively.
James F. Byrnes dropped out of school at age 14 to work as a law clerk in Charleston, South Carolina. He taught himself law and passed the bar exam at 23. Franklin D. Roosevelt nominated Byrnes to the Supreme Court in 1941, and he was quickly confirmed.
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