Neck cracking during chiropractic treatment can increase the risk of stroke, especially among those under 60. Studies have linked cervical artery dissection to neck cracking, which can lead to blood clots and oxygen deprivation in the brain. Patients should be aware of the risk and watch for signs of stroke after treatment.
The theory that breaking your neck can cause a stroke certainly sounds like an urban legend, specifically aimed at chiropractors, who can crack the neck and various points on the spine to help produce greater comfort. To the dismay of many people, there is some evidence that, especially among the under 60s, neck cracking can create the circumstances that can lead to a stroke, although it rarely happens. The matter has been studied extensively, and research conducted in the 2000s suggests that there is an increased risk. It is important to understand how this risk manifests itself and to keep in mind that the risk is still extremely low.
One study, led by neurologist Wade S. Smith of the University of California, San Francisco, evaluated a population of 51 stroke patients. About 14% recalled having chiropractic work and neck manipulation done prior to their shots. In all, the study linked just seven cases of stroke to neck cracks, and other neurologists say the risk exists but is low. It would also be helpful to follow up on a large group of patients who receive chiropractic care on a regular basis to see how many have had a stroke after having their necks broken. By studying only the affected population, the actual percentage of risk cannot really be estimated.
Some strokes, especially those that occur before age 45, are caused by what is called a cervical artery dissection. The cervical arteries weave through the back of the neck and head and, in some cases, can tear. If the tear causes bleeding, a blood clot can form and then pass into the brain. The concern with cracking the neck is that the cervical arteries could tear, bleed, and develop a blood clot that would temporarily deprive the brain of oxygen. This could lead to a minor or fatal stroke or transient ischemic attack (TIA), sometimes called a mini-stroke.
Although it only slightly increases the risk of cervical artery dissection, many chiropractic patients are unaware of this risk. Breaking the neck is pretty standard with a chiropractic visit, and many chiropractors and healthcare professionals believe that while the risk is minimal, patients should make an informed choice. If you choose to have your neck cracked, you should watch out for signs of a stroke in the days and weeks following a chiropractic visit.
In summary, the signs of stroke include the following:
Dizziness
Confusion
Inability to move one half of the body
Blurred vision or difficulty speaking
Severe head pain that comes on suddenly
If you suspect a stroke, don’t call your chiropractor — call 911 right away, as early treatment can minimize the permanent damage a stroke can cause and reduce your risk of death. Not all strokes are due to cracking the neck and a stroke before the age of 60 can be attributed to a number of different factors and lifestyle choices. However, chiropractic neck manipulation slightly increases the risk and should be considered as a therapy with potentially life-threatening side effects.
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