Anal swelling can be caused by conditions such as anal bleeding, hemorrhoids, anal fissures, anal cysts, and rectal abscesses. These conditions can be caused by a variety of factors including constipation, inflammatory bowel disease, and tumors. Seeking medical evaluation is recommended for persistent or severe swelling.
A number of medical conditions can potentially cause anal swelling. Among the more common culprits, however, are conditions like anal bleeding; hemorrhoids; and anal tears, commonly called fissures. Sometimes anal cysts can also cause swelling in the area. Rectal abscesses may also be responsible in some cases.
Anal bleeding is one of the most common causes of swelling. Anal bleeding can come from the anus itself or can appear when blood is mixed with a person’s stool. There are many reasons a person may have bleeding from the anus, including inflammatory bowel disease, rectal cancer, constipation, and ulcers. An individual may also develop anal bleeding and bloating related to infections of the intestines and polyps.
Hemorrhoids can also cause anal swelling. Hemorrhoids are swollen veins that develop around a person’s anus. They often cause itching and pain in addition to swelling of the anus. A person can develop them for a variety of reasons, including constipation, straining, and diets that don’t contain enough fiber. Tumors that develop in the pelvis and pregnancy are also among the things that can contribute to the development of hemorrhoids.
Anal swelling can also be caused by anal fissures. An anal fissure is basically a tear in a person’s anus. A person may develop an anal fissure as a result of repetitive straining to have a bowel movement that often accompanies constipation or related to a condition called inflammatory bowel disease. Conditions like Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis can also contribute to the development of anal fissures. Less frequently, anal intercourse can cause a fissure.
Sometimes the swelling develops due to abnormal lumps or masses forming in the area. For example, a person may develop an anal cyst that causes swelling. An individual may also develop swelling of the anus due to an abscess. An abscess is a mass of pus that forms in the body tissues of an affected person. It is often surrounded by areas of inflammation.
In some cases, the causes of anal swelling are relatively minor and appear only temporarily. This isn’t always the case, however. Sometimes, anal swelling can persist or develop due to a medical condition that requires treatment. For this reason, a person who notices swelling in this area may do well to seek evaluation and advice from a trusted doctor.
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