Ascites is a buildup of fluid in the abdominal cavity, commonly caused by liver disease, congestive heart failure, kidney disease, or certain types of cancer. Treatment depends on the underlying cause and may include dietary changes, medication, or surgery. Consult a doctor for specific concerns.
Although there are many possible causes of ascites, liver disease is the most common cause. Congestive heart failure, tuberculosis, and some types of infections are also among the possible causes. In some cases, pancreatitis, kidney failure, and some forms of cancer could be contributing factors. Any specific questions or concerns about potential causes of ascites in an individual situation should be discussed with a doctor or other medical professional.
Ascites is a buildup of fluid within the abdominal cavity, often leading to significant bloating, discomfort, and indigestion. Liver disease accounts for the vast majority of causes of this condition. When the liver malfunctions, it is unable to produce enough protein to hold the fluid within the circulatory system. As a result, fluid builds up inside the abdominal cavity, causing a variety of unpleasant symptoms and potential complications.
In addition to liver disease, congestive heart failure and other heart problems are potential causes. Congestive heart failure occurs when the heart becomes too weak to effectively pump blood around the body. As the pumping action of the heart decreases, fluid begins to build up in the abdominal cavity and around various organs in the body. Any heart-related condition that reduces heart function has the potential to cause ascites.
Advanced kidney disease or decreased kidney function are known to be among the possible causes of ascites. When kidney function declines, the kidneys lose their ability to filter waste products from the blood, leading to fluid buildup throughout the body. If protein begins to leak into the kidneys, the risk of developing ascites increases significantly. Excessive sodium intake could also lead to this symptom, especially if kidney disease is present.
Some forms of cancer can lead to fluid buildup and swelling. These causes of ascites could include colon cancer, lymphoma, or breast cancer. Other cancers that tend to cause abdominal swelling include cancers of the ovaries, stomach, lungs, or pancreas. Any unusual abdominal swelling should be reported to a doctor immediately for further medical evaluation.
Treatment depends on the individual causes of the ascites and the patient’s overall health. In some cases, dietary changes and fluid restriction may be all that is needed to adequately manage the condition. Medications known as diuretics might help flush some of the excess fluid from the body. In severe cases, surgery may be needed to drain some of the fluid from the abdominal cavity.
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