Blood in saliva can be caused by bacteria, trauma, cancer, and medications. Bacteria can lead to infection and bleeding, while trauma can cause cuts and internal bleeding. Cancer and cancer treatments can also lead to bloody saliva, as can certain medications, including narcotics.
Unlike most other parts of the body, blood in saliva can occur for a variety of reasons and come from many areas of the body. Bacteria, both those normally present in the human body and those that are dangerous, can lead to infection and bleeding from the mouth. If there is any trauma or damage to the mouth or associated areas, this can cause bloody saliva. Some cancers can lead to blood mixing with saliva. Medications, both medicinal and narcotic, can also cause this symptom.
There are many types of bacteria; some occur in the body and are beneficial, while others lead to problems and diseases. If there are cuts inside the mouth, esophagus, intestines, nasal cavity or other areas associated with the mouth, then there may be blood in the saliva. While bacteria is the most common cause, it can also result from viruses and fungi. This can usually be treated with antibiotics, but surgery may be required in severe cases.
Trauma is perhaps one of the most common causes of blood in the saliva, especially if the trauma directly affects the gums or mouth. For example, rough flossing or surgery involving the mouth will commonly lead to blood mixing with saliva. If there is trauma to the associated systems, such as being hit hard in the stomach, this can also cause blood. When the blood comes from an associated system, it can be very dangerous, because it means there is internal bleeding. Eating dangerously acidic or caustic substances can also cause this.
When cancer spreads, it can lead to bloody saliva. This can sometimes happen with benign cancer, but it’s not that common. It usually results from cancer of the mouth or lymph nodes, but can also result from cancer in associated systems. At the same time, some of the treatments used to treat cancer can also lead to blood in the mouth.
Many drugs are used for medicinal purposes to treat diseases, but they can also lead to blood in the saliva. This most commonly results from cancer treatments, but blood thinners can cause small oral cuts to bleed a lot more. If the user has an allergic reaction affecting the mouth or an associated system, this can occur. Narcotics, especially when used in abundance, can also cause blood in the mouth. This possibility increases if narcotics are known to affect the oral cavity.
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