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Blood in sputum can indicate lung or heart problems. Pneumonia, bronchitis, and tuberculosis can cause bloody sputum. Congestive heart failure can also cause this symptom. Treatment depends on accurate diagnosis and may involve medication, rest, and lifestyle changes.
Blood in sputum, known medically as hemoptysis, is a term used when a person spits up blood, usually accompanied by mucus. This often indicates that there is some type of problem with the lungs and a medical evaluation is indicated. Medical conditions such as pneumonia, bronchitis or tuberculosis often involve this symptom. In some cases, blood in the sputum can be an indicator of heart failure. Treatment for this symptom relies on getting an accurate diagnosis so that the direct cause of the blood developing in the sputum can be treated.
Pneumonia is a common cause of bloody sputum. This condition is most frequently caused by bacterial infections, although viral forms of pneumonia can also occur. Symptoms often include fever, chills and shortness of breath. Chest pain, fatigue, and loss of appetite are also common. Treatment for pneumonia may include over-the-counter or prescription medications, rest, and increased fluid intake.
Another common cause of bloody sputum is a lung condition known as bronchitis. Bronchitis is the term used for inflammation of the airways leading to the lungs and most often occurs due to a viral respiratory infection. Symptoms of bronchitis can include chest pain or discomfort, fever, and shortness of breath. The mucus associated with bronchitis can be green or pink when tinged with blood. Treatment of bronchitis involves self-care with over-the-counter medications, rest, and adequate fluid intake while the virus runs its course.
Tuberculosis is a contagious lung infection caused by bacteria. Without proper treatment, this infection can spread to other areas of the body. In addition to blood in the sputum, other symptoms of TB can include fever, weight loss, and difficulty breathing. Treatment for tuberculosis can be difficult, and you may need to take a combination of medications for several months. Patients with severe symptoms may need to be hospitalized for treatment.
A heart condition known as congestive heart failure can sometimes cause blood in your sputum. Congestive heart failure occurs when the heart is no longer able to pump enough blood to other organs in the body. Symptoms of this condition can include weight gain, heart palpitations, and a rapid pulse. Treatment for congestive heart failure typically involves lifestyle changes and the use of prescribed medications, although a heart transplant is often needed.
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