Cysts can develop in tissues and organs due to various causes, including chronic illnesses, infections, and hereditary conditions. There are hundreds of types of cysts, with varying sizes and symptoms. Treatment options depend on the cause, location, and size of the cyst, with surgical removal being the option for cancerous cysts.
Cysts, abnormal sacs or sacs filled with fluid, pus, and other substances, develop in the tissues and organs. There are many causes of cysts, including chronic illnesses, infections, and hereditary conditions. Additionally, other causes of cysts include normal wear and tear, small blockages in the flow of bodily fluids, and tumors. Also, a baby may be born with a cyst if defects occur in the development of an organ while the baby is still in the womb.
The different causes of cysts and the many places where they can develop contribute to making them a common medical condition. In fact, there are hundreds of types of cysts, although most of them are benign. Cysts vary in size, some are so small that they are only visible under a microscope and others are so large that they disrupt normal body structures. Often, cysts are named after the area where they occur, though not always. For example, liver cysts occur in the liver and ovarian cysts in the ovaries, while ganglion cysts develop around a tendon and pilonidal cysts develop near the tailbone, just above the natal cleft.
Symptoms do not occur with all cysts. For example, cysts that are not visible on the outside of the body or small cysts may not have any symptoms. Generally, when symptoms do occur, they consist only of visual growth of the pouch and a feeling of hardness or softness. In some cases, the variable size of a cyst is evident, while in other cases, the cyst remains constant in size. Some causes of cysts, such as chronic disease, infection, or cancer, will produce variable symptoms, such as pain.
Various factors influence treatment options for cysts, including their cause, location, and size. The causes of cysts play a role in treatment, as healing sometimes involves treating any underlying medical conditions such as chronic diseases. For example, polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) can cause cysts to appear in the ovaries. To address these cysts, treatment will involve treating the syndrome itself.
The location also dictates treatment options, as inaccessible cysts may require the use of technologies, such as radiological imaging, to guide a needle into the cyst cavity for aspiration. Aspiration is a treatment method in which the cysts are drained of their fluid or substance. It is not recommended that cyst drainage be done at home.
Treatment of cysts also involves consideration of the size of the pouch. For example, small cysts with no symptoms may not require any treatment while large cysts with symptoms may require surgery. Usually, surgical removal is the option to treat cancerous cysts.
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