Low monocyte counts can be caused by physical illnesses, certain medications, or vitamin deficiencies. Diseases affecting bone marrow, such as HIV, rheumatoid arthritis, or lupus, are common causes. Monocytes help protect the body from foreign invaders, and a low count can make the body more susceptible to disease. Treatment depends on the underlying cause.
A low monocyte count can occur for a variety of reasons, including physical illnesses, the use of certain medications, or vitamin deficiencies. Diseases affecting the bone marrow, such as HIV, rheumatoid arthritis, or lupus, are among the most common causes of low monocyte counts. This symptom can also develop as a side effect of certain medications or deficiencies in vitamins such as folate and vitamin B-12. Certain types of bacterial infections can cause a decrease in this type of white blood cell, although it is more common for infections to develop due to abnormal blood values. Any specific questions or concerns about low monocyte counts in an individual situation should be discussed with a doctor or other medical professional.
A monocyte is a type of white blood cell that is produced by the bone marrow and helps protect the body from foreign invaders, such as harmful bacteria and viruses. When there are low numbers of monocytes in the blood, the body is more susceptible to disease. In order to create an individualized treatment plan, a doctor may order a series of diagnostic tests to help determine the exact cause of the low monocyte count.
Medical conditions that suppress normal bone marrow function are the most common contributors to the development of low monocyte counts. HIV is a virus that can lead to AIDS, a life-threatening disease that causes severe impairment of the immune system. Rheumatoid arthritis is thought to be a disease of the immune system and leads to inflammation of the joints. Lupus is another type of autoimmune disease that can cause low monocyte counts and can lead to hair loss, shortness of breath, or even organ failure.
The use of some medications can lead to a low monocyte count. Corticosteroids, oral interferons, and chemotherapy drugs are more likely to have this side effect. Steroid medications, also known as corticosteroids, are often used to treat conditions affecting the joints, including arthritis and lupus. Oral interferons can be used to treat a variety of medical conditions, including hepatitis, multiple sclerosis and some forms of cancer. Chemotherapy drugs contain strong chemicals and are designed to treat cancer patients, especially aggressive forms of cancer that have begun to spread throughout the body.
Nutritional deficiencies, especially those involving folate or vitamin B-12, can cause low monocyte counts. Simple blood tests at a doctor’s office can determine if these deficiencies are present. Treatment for low monocyte levels depends on the underlying cause of the disorder and may include the use of antibiotics or other medications.
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