Menstrual blood clots can be caused by hormonal changes, fibroids, endometriosis, or an imbalance in clotting factors. Miscarriage can also be a cause. Heavy flow and persistent clots should be evaluated by a doctor. Hormonal changes can also produce clots, but birth control pills can help regulate periods.
Menstrual blood clots can be caused by an imbalance in the clotting factors and anticoagulants in the blood or by hormonal changes. Fibroids and endometriosis contribute to the excess buildup of the uterine lining, which sheds as clots. Miscarriage can also be seen in the form of a thrombus. Heavy menstrual flow should be evaluated by a doctor to make sure there are no serious problems.
When ovulation doesn’t result in pregnancy, the uterus sheds the lining it built up for implantation. This process is the menstrual cycle, commonly called the cycle. Blood and tissue are expelled through the vagina. In women whose periods are profuse, blood clots can be seen. While alarming, it’s not usually a cause for concern.
The uterine lining secretes an anti-clotting factor during periods to help blood flow. If the substance is not sufficient to overcome the natural clotting factor, menstrual blood clots may form, a process known as haemostasis. Flow may slow towards the end of a period and blood may pool. When women are lying down for a while, such as while sleeping, the discharge builds up and blood clots are removed when they stand up. The blood darkens as it sits and sometimes looks brown or black.
A fibroid is a benign tumor that grows in the uterus. It can cause increased menstrual flow and menstrual blood clots. Fibroids usually have no symptoms, but large ones sometimes cause pain and heavy bleeding. They can be surgically removed or made smaller with medication. Most of the time they do not interfere with pregnancy.
Endometriosis is a condition in which the uterine lining, or endometrium, grows out of it, in the fallopian tubes or abdomen. The tissue bleeds and sheds as it normally would, but since there is no way out, scarring and pain can occur. Heavy bleeding with clots or between periods is a symptom. The condition is treatable with medications and surgery. In severe cases, total hysterectomy along with the removal of the ovaries may be the only solution.
A woman who is pregnant or may be pregnant and passes large menstrual blood clots could be having a miscarriage. There is usually pain as the uterus contracts to expel the material. The placenta, lining, and other tissues may look like large clots of blood or clumps of matter. Miscarriage usually occurs because something went wrong with the pregnancy and it is no longer viable. Older women and those who have had multiple pregnancies are more prone to miscarriages.
Hormonal changes can also produce clots. If a woman has a very heavy flow and persistent clots on a regular basis, she should see her doctor. Birth control pills change the hormonal balance and can make periods lighter and more tolerable.
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