Pus can be red, green, brown, yellow, white, or blue, and is often a result of an immune response to bacterial infection. Red pus in wounds should be treated with antibiotics, and internal abscesses require hospitalization and intravenous antibiotic therapy. Squeezing pus from pimples or boils can cause scarring and further infection.
Red pus is the result of pus being combined with blood. It is often referred to as blood-tinged pus, and the color can range from light pink to deep red. Pus can also appear green when neutrophils secrete a substance known as myeloperoxidase. Pus can also be brown, yellow, white, or rarely blue. A bacterial infection known as pseudomonas aeruginosa can cause blue pus and is the result of an immune response.
It is common for an infected wound to contain red pus. Tooth abscesses sometimes produce blood-tinged pus and can be treated with antibiotics or sometimes tooth extraction. Even minor injuries, such as ingrown toenails, can produce red pus because chronic friction with a shoe can cause the tissue to bleed and mix with the pus. Whether the wound contains red pus or pus of another color, a doctor should be notified to determine the cause of the infection and prescribe antibiotics.
Neutrophils are a type of white blood cell that work to attack bacterial organisms. When neutrophils work with other types of white blood cells and their components, an immune response is triggered, often leading to the formation of pus. Pimples, abscesses, and boils occasionally contain pus and are also often painful, inflamed, and red. An individual should never attempt to squeeze pus out of a pimple or boil because doing so can cause scarring and the spread of infection to other parts of the body.
When red pus accompanies a wound, antibiotics should be started, whether oral, topical, or both. More often than not, a healthy immune system will clear a purulent infection without any treatment. Sometimes, however, an untreated bacterial infection can cause serious complications such as kidney or heart failure. Occasionally, the healthcare professional will prick the infected area to remove pus, and as this is usually done under sterile conditions, the risk of further infection is low.
The formation of pus can also affect internal organs, in the form of abscesses that can sometimes form on the liver. When this occurs, the patient can become very ill and experience weight loss, abdominal pain, jaundice, dark colored urine, and fever. When pus forms inside the internal organs, hospitalization is recommended so that intravenous antibiotic therapy can be started. If antibiotic therapy is not instituted promptly, the patient may become septic, which can cause massive blood infection and be life-threatening
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