Chronic bronchitis is an obstructive lung disease caused by inflammation of the bronchial tubes, often due to smoking or air pollution. Symptoms include a persistent cough and frequent respiratory infections. Treatment may include antibiotics, inhalers, and pulmonary therapy. Rest, fluids, and over-the-counter medications can also help, but a doctor’s evaluation is recommended.
Chronic bronchitis is a respiratory condition in which the lining of the bronchial tube is inflamed. The bronchial tubes are components of the respiratory tract that carry oxygen to and from the lungs. Chronic bronchitis can result from a bacterial or viral infection or, more commonly, from irritants, such as smoking. Chronic bronchitis is a medical condition classified as an obstructive lung disease. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) also includes emphysema.
Typically, symptoms of chronic bronchitis include a persistent cough that is often worse upon waking and in humid weather. In addition, bacterial or viral respiratory infections accompanied by a severe productive cough may occur frequently. A productive cough is a cough that produces or is accompanied by mucus secretions. Sometimes, chronic inflammation can progress to scarring of the bronchial tube, usually producing excess mucus. Over time, the airways can become permanent scars.
Many times, the symptoms of chronic bronchitis wax and wane. As a result, the patient becomes susceptible to bacterial or viral infections due to the risk of an acute bronchitis overlay. Usually, chronic bronchitis is a serious medical condition. Although smoking is the main risk factor, other factors such as air pollution may play a major role. Another risk factor for chronic bronchitis can be reflux disease. This refers to the flow of stomach acids into the esophageal area.
In general, treatment for chronic bronchitis may include antibiotics and cough medicines. Usually, antibiotics aren’t given for bronchitis caused by a viral infection. Antibiotics are only effective for bacterial infections and are ineffective against viruses. Prescribing cough suppressant medications is usually not recommended because coughing aids in the process of clearing mucus from the lungs. If, however, the cough keeps the patient awake, a suppressant may be appropriate.
In addition to antibiotics and cough preparations, your doctor may recommend the use of a bronchial inhaler. These inhaled medications open up narrow passages in the lungs and can reduce inflammation. In addition to medications, treatments such as pulmonary therapy can be effective in loosening and expelling sticky lung secretions. A respiratory therapist can assist you with breathing exercises that can help you breathe better.
Many times, however, the only treatment needed for bronchitis is rest, drinking plenty of fluids, and taking over-the-counter medications. To complement these treatments, a vaporizer may be used to dilute secretions and help the patient cough up mucus. Before the patient begins self-treatment, it is prudent that he first see his doctor for a complete medical evaluation.
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