Chronic gingivitis is a persistent inflammation of the gums that can lead to tooth loss and serious infections. It is caused by plaque buildup, and treatment involves plaque removal and meticulous oral hygiene. Prevention includes regular dental care and attention to signs of plaque and tartar.
Chronic gingivitis is persistent inflammation of the gingiva, the soft tissue that surrounds the teeth. This condition can progress to tooth loss and can put the patient at risk of developing serious infections. Treatment is available for chronic gingivitis and is usually provided by a periodontist, a dentist who specializes in treating gum disease.
Gingivitis in general is caused by the buildup of plaque on the teeth. Plaque builds up when people don’t take proper care of their mouths, and inflammation can begin within days of plaque deposition. In acute and subacute gingivitis, inflammation sets in quickly, and some dental care can solve the problem, restoring oral health. Chronic gingivitis is an ongoing medical problem both because the patient does not seek treatment and because the condition resists treatment. Patients may also develop recurring gingivitis, an inflammation that comes back repeatedly despite treatment.
People with chronic gingivitis commonly have discolored teeth due to poor oral hygiene, but not always. The gums are tender and may have red spots in inflamed areas. They can also be swollen. This condition also causes loss of gums. When the gums shrink away from the teeth, the teeth appear longer and larger. Patients may notice bleeding while brushing or flossing and may experience oral pain.
Treatment for chronic gingivitis involves removing plaque and cleaning the pockets formed when the gums begin to pull away from the teeth. After this procedure, the patient will need to follow a meticulous oral hygiene regimen to prevent the plaque from returning. This will include regular cleanings by a dental hygienist. Once the patient’s mouth has stabilized, the possibility of gum grafts can be discussed if the gums have receded enough to raise concerns about the health of the tooth roots. Recurring gingivitis can be a risk for patients with a history of chronic gingivitis.
People can prevent gingivitis from developing by taking care of their teeth regularly and paying attention to signs of plaque and tartar. An oral hygienist may use specialized tools to thoroughly clean the teeth, removing materials known to cause gingivitis, while also examining the patient’s mouth for any signs of oral health problems. Dental care should include regular flossing and brushing to clean the teeth, and mouthwash can also be used to limit bacterial growth in the mouth.
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