There are two types of immune disorders: systemic, affecting multiple organs, and localized, affecting one. Rheumatoid arthritis and lupus are systemic, while multiple sclerosis attacks the nervous system. AIDS weakens the immune system and is contagious.
There are many different types of immune disorders and they are generally classified into two subtypes. Systemic immune disorders describe a condition in which the immune disorder affects more than one organ in the body, while localized immune disorders typically affect only one organ. Some of the more common types of systemic immune disorders include rheumatoid arthritis and lupus. Common types of localized immune disorders include diabetes mellitus, multiple sclerosis, and Addison’s disease. Immune disorders typically describe diseases in which the immune system mistakenly targets and destroys healthy tissue within the body, although some immune disorders involve a weakened immune system.
Rheumatoid arthritis is a condition that usually causes inflammation and deterioration of the joints. It can develop in any joint in the body, but most commonly affects the hands and wrists. The exact cause of rheumatoid arthritis is unknown, but it is believed to be caused by bacterial infections within the joints or the tissue surrounding the joints. It can affect people of any age group, although it is more common in people over the age of 30 and appears to be more common in women than men. Rheumatoid arthritis is a noncontagious systemic immune disease, and once the immune system begins attacking joint tissue, it typically spreads and can also attack healthy tissue in the lungs and other organs.
Lupus is another type of systemic immune disorder and, like rheumatoid arthritis, is more common in women than men. It is not believed to be contagious and the exact cause of the disease has not been determined. Some research seems to show that lupus may be at least in part due to genetics, as people who have relatives with the disease are at a higher risk of getting lupus. Some researchers believe that there may be an environmental trigger that causes the onset of lupus. Smoking and exposure to ultraviolet light are probably linked to the disease.
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an immune disease that primarily affects the nervous system. It is considered a localized disorder, but because it attacks the nervous system, symptoms can manifest in many parts of the body. MS is a disease that causes the immune system to attack the protective covering of nerves. The severity of the disease varies greatly from one individual to another, but in very extreme cases sufferers may be unable to walk or talk. There is currently no cure for MS.
Acquired immunodeficiency disorder (AIDS) is an entirely different type of immune disorder. AIDS is not characterized by the immune system attacking healthy tissue, but is a condition in which the immune system is so weakened that it doesn’t function well enough to fight off disease. Unlike most other immune disorders, AIDS is considered to be contagious, through the exchange of bodily fluids such as mucus or blood.
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