Concurrent jurisdiction occurs when multiple courts have the authority to hear a case. In the US, state courts have general jurisdiction while federal courts have limited jurisdiction. Diversity jurisdiction exists when parties from different states are in dispute over more than $10,000. Forum shopping may occur due to competing jurisdiction.
Concurrent jurisdiction exists when more than one court has jurisdiction over an issue. This means that more than one court has the authority to hear a case and make a decision on the outcome of the case. Concurrent jurisdiction exists in court systems where there are multiple courts.
There are two distinct judicial systems in the United States: the federal judicial system and the state judicial system. There are also other judicial structures and systems in other countries. For example, in England, the judicial system consists of the Court of Appeal, the High Court, the Crown Court, the Magistrates Court and the County Court.
For any court to hear a matter, it must have jurisdiction over the parties involved. Jurisdiction is a legal term meaning that the court has authority over the parties and an interest in governing the way. A person cannot simply be called before any court in the world; the court must have some authority over him, which usually exists because he has enjoyed some state-provided benefit and thus subjected himself to the state authority vested in the court.
In the United States, state courts are courts of general jurisdiction. This means that state courts have broad authority to hear disputes involving their residents and/or involving state laws. State courts have this power under the separation of powers and rules set forth in Article III and the Tenth Amendment to the United States Constitution.
The federal judicial system in the United States, on the other hand, has limited jurisdiction. Federal courts can only hear cases arising under federal law or diversity jurisdiction. Cases arising under federal statutes are cases where the causes of action are based on some type of federal statute.
Diversity jurisdiction exists when parties from different states are having a dispute and the amount of the dispute is more than $10,000 US Dollars (USD). This means that if the two parties are having a dispute where more than $10,000 USD is at stake, diversity jurisdiction exists when the parties are citizens of different states or when one party is a citizen and another is a foreigner resident. This type of jurisdiction was created due to the belief that states would be biased for their own citizens.
Concurrent jurisdiction exists when federal courts obtain jurisdiction as a result of diversity jurisdiction. The reason there is concurrent jurisdiction in this case is because both federal and state court have the authority to settle the matter. The parties may choose to take the case to state or federal court.
Due to competing jurisdiction, forum shopping may occur. Forum shopping refers to choosing the court that seems most likely to have the most favorable outcome. Both plaintiff and defendant can engage in forum shopping, as both plaintiff and defendant have the right to take a case to federal or state court, or to remove a case from federal court when it has been originally taken to state court.
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