XHTML and CSS are programming languages used in web development. XHTML defines structure and content, while CSS provides styling. They have different styles but can be created by most web development tools. CSS can be applied to HTML or XHTML files and uses selectors and declarations to define style. Together, they are superior to older methods and increase website accessibility.
The eXtensible HyperText Markup Language (XHTML) and Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) are both computer programming languages commonly used in web development. The two languages serve different purposes and complement each other, with XHTML defining the structure and content of a web page and CSS providing the styling. Everyone has a different set of rules for programming. XHTML and CSS together can make websites more efficient and accessible.
XHTML and CSS are two common technologies for building websites and are often used together. The former is generally responsible for the content and structure of a web page, while the latter is used to alter the style and presentation of the page. A paragraph, for example, is defined as a paragraph using XHTML, but the font, color and size of text in a paragraph are defined using CSS. Another difference between XHTML and CSS is that an XHTML document can be used by itself, while a CSS file by itself does nothing.
Programming-wise, both technologies have different styles, although most web development tools can create both XHTML and CSS. XHTML is a markup language, a type of programming language in which words or letters are “marked” with special symbols to create “tags”. A tag in XHTML defines various elements of a web page and refers to external content. A
tag, for example, defines a block of text as a paragraph, while tag references an external image file for inclusion on the page. XHTML’s predecessor, HyperText Markup Language (HTML), also contained tags that defined style elements such as font and text color, but these had been removed in XHTML.
Developed to provide web authors with a more efficient method of adding style to their pages, CSS can be applied to HTML or XHTML files. It is a style sheet language that tells a web browser or other software how to present a web page or other document to a user. CSS uses selectors, which can be HTML or XHTML tags, as well as custom content types and declarations, which declare the style applied to the previous selector. The CSS code can be placed within an XHTML file or in a separate file that can be reused across multiple site pages.
A combination of XHTML and CSS is in many ways superior to older web development methods. Previously, many HTML tags intended to convey structure were used for layout and styling purposes. With the newer approach, XHTML and CSS both have clearly defined roles. CSS can also increase the accessibility of a website because different CSS files can be applied to the same XHTML code to transform the look of a page or site. Web developers can also change the look of a page without changing the underlying code, and search engines can index web pages without having to sort irrelevant style tags.
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