Distributed and grid computing are ways to connect multiple computers on a closed network for faster performance and greater security. Grid computing is more common and used globally, while distributed computing is typically used within a single building. Both types of networks have been used by researchers for complex tasks.
In today’s business environments, there is an increasing need to connect multiple computers on a network to share workloads and communicate with other company members, clients, customers and other remote cooperative structures. There are many different ways to set up networks like these. Distributed and grid computing are similar ways to create a complex computer network.
Among the distributed networking and grid computing options, grid computing is the most commonly used form. This type of network has been used for decades to allow companies to exchange information quickly and easily. Computers on systems like these may be located all over the world, but they still share common files and information over a closed network called a “grid.” Common storage allows these computers to perform tasks at a faster rate since their memory can be reserved for more important individual functions. The ability to share data via an internal network instead of communicating over the Internet gives businesses greater protection from external threats.
The less common of the two networking options, distributed computing is an extension of the grid system, but is typically used within a single building. Distributed computers equally share the workload of all computers connected to the system. This differs from a standard office network in that computers can do much more than just communicate and share information with each other. If one machine performs more complex tasks than the others on the network, it will take on some of the processing workload, allowing all computers to run at an even speed. This prevents excessive load on individual computers and extends their functional life.
Both distributed and grid computing networks are closed or very limited to use by the general public. A network can also be referred to as an administrative domain. This means that every computer on the network is subject to the same usage, maintenance and security standards set by the owner or owners. The owner can decide whether there are parts of the system that can be accessed by external users, but sharing the network externally is not common.
Researchers have used distributed computing networks and grids to their advantage. Both types of networks can help conduct studies that would be impossible with a single highly advanced computer. Tasks like complex geographic mapping, digital rendering of detailed environments, and digital exploration of space have all been streamlined.
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