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An electromagnetic generator uses magnetism and electricity to transform mechanical energy into electrical energy through electromagnetic induction. It can use renewable energy sources like wind and water power. Michael Faraday discovered this phenomenon in 1831, and the general design is still used today. The force used to spin the generator still requires an energy source, which can be renewable.
An electromagnetic generator is a device that transforms mechanical energy into electrical energy, using the interrelated principles of magnetism and electricity. The process by which an electromagnetic generator produces electricity is called electromagnetic induction, which basically means that an electric current is induced within a conductor through the use of a magnet. Most electronic generators operate on electromagnetic induction and some of these use renewable energy sources such as water power and wind power to create the initial mechanical energy. Mechanical energy can basically be thought of as kinetic energy or energy of motion.
Induction in an electromagnetic generator is the process that creates electricity within the conductor. This process works because the forces of electricity and magnetism are basically the same. Both work on the principle that some particles have a charge and objects with opposite charges are attracted to each other. Negatively charged electrons are attracted to positively charged protons, through the process of basic magnetism. The flow of electrons to a positive charge is referred to as electricity.
These linked principles mean that electricity can be created using this type of generator. When a magnet is passed over a conductor, it basically organizes the positively charged and negatively charged particles into groups, because the relevant particles are attracted to opposite poles of the magnet. This creates electricity within the conductor as the particles move into position. By constantly spinning a conductor through a magnetic field, a continuous flow of electricity is created. This is called electromagnetic induction.
The general design of an electromagnetic generator is based on this process of electromagnetic induction. A British scientist named Michael Faraday discovered this phenomenon in 1831, and an updated version of this basic design is used today for most types of electromagnetic generators. Faraday created a generator by installing a horseshoe magnet with a loop of wire that rotates between the north and south poles. The wire is connected to a device that can directly use the energy created or to a battery that stores the energy. Connecting the generator to a voltmeter shows how much current is being created.
Energy is never created or destroyed, so the force used to spin the mechanical part of the generator still requires an energy source. This can be achieved through fossil fuel or nuclear energy, but it can also be created through renewable forms of energy. Many electromagnetic generators rely on power created by wind, falling water, or even solar energy. If an electromagnetic generator works with a free and renewable energy source, the power generated does not harm the environment.
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