Endocrine disorders are caused by imbalances in the endocrine system, which produces and regulates hormones. Hyposecretion and hyper-secretion refer to underproduction and overproduction of hormones respectively. Diagnosis can be difficult, and adrenal, glucose, thyroid, and pituitary gland disorders are common. Pituitary tumors can cause over- or under-secretion of hormones and pressure in the brain.
Endocrine disorders are usually caused by an imbalance in certain parts of the endocrine system, which consists of glands responsible for creating and regulating hormones needed for important bodily functions. Endocrine disease is usually caused by too much or too little of a hormone, but some disorders can actually create such imbalances. The endocrine glands are also susceptible to tumors, which are typically not associated with a hormonal imbalance.
Hyposecretion is the term used to describe the underproduction of a hormone which often leads to hormone deficiency endocrine disease. Hyper-secretion the opposite. This term is used to describe the overproduction of a hormone in one part of the endocrine system.
Diagnosing endocrine disorders can be difficult because it usually involves measuring the amount of hormones in the bloodstream. This is a difficult task. Since this is the case, hormones are sometimes measured indirectly. One example is measuring blood sugar, instead of insulin, for diabetes.
Adrenal disorders are commonly caused by an imbalance of the adrenal glands hormones. The human body has two such glands, located near the top of each kidney. These are responsible for the production of hormones associated with stress, such as cortisol and adrenaline. Two endocrine diseases associated with the adrenal glands are Crushing’s syndrome, in which too much cortisol is produced, and Addison’s disease, which causes too little cortisol.
Glucose disorders are also associated with the endocrine system. The gland involved in them is the pancreas. It is responsible for the production of glucagon and insulin. These two hormones are essential in regulating sugar in the body. Diseases caused by glucose imbalance are diabetes and hypoglycemia.
When people eat sugar, it’s turned into glucose and then released into the bloodstream. In order for cells to absorb glucose, the body must have insulin. Without insulin, blood sugar levels can get dangerously high. This is what happens in diabetes. There are different types of diabetes. Type 1 is present from birth and is characterized by the body’s inability to produce insulin. Type 2 diabetes occurs later in life and is characterized by the body’s inability to use the insulin it produces. The last type of diabetes is called gestational diabetes and is only found in pregnant women.
Hypoglycemia is the opposite of diabetes. Instead of too high blood sugar, sufferers have unusually low blood sugar. This is caused by a lack of glucagon, which is responsible for helping the body use stored glucose for energy.
Another group of endocrine diseases is caused by the thyroid gland. This is located in the neck, above the collarbone. He is responsible for establishing the body’s metabolism. The two most important hormones produced by the thyroid gland are triidothyronine and thyroxine. Too much or too little production of one of these hormones causes the disease. An overactive thyroid can cause symptoms such as weight loss and increased heart rate, while an underactive gland can cause weight gain and fatigue.
The pituitary gland is another part of this body system that can be affected by endocrine diseases. It is about the size of a pea, sits at the base of the brain and is connected via nerves to the hypothalamus. It is one of the most important glands in the endocrine system because the hormones it produces stimulate other glands in the system to produce the hormones they produce. For example, the pituitary gland produces follicle stimulating hormone, which stimulates the ovaries and testicles to reproduce.
The most common form of pituitary gland disease is a tumor. Such a growth is rarely cancerous. It can, however, lead to over- or under-secretion of many different hormones in the body that the pituitary gland stimulates. Pituitary tumors can also cause pressure in areas of the brain which can lead to headaches and difficulty seeing.
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