Environmental science is the study of Earth’s geological processes, atmosphere, and ecosystems. Scientists gather data through field studies and laboratory research. Jobs are available in various settings, specializing in ecology, hydrology, and other sciences. Researchers focus on specific areas such as climate change, and conservation scientists investigate impacts of human activity. Applicants need at least a bachelor’s degree, and most employers require a master’s or doctoral degree. The number of environmental science jobs will continue to increase as the public becomes more environmentally conscious.
Environmental science is the broad study of Earth’s geological processes, atmosphere, and ecosystems. Scientists conduct field studies to gather data about the environment and conduct laboratory research to explore the different physical and chemical properties of natural elements. There are many different types of environmental science jobs available to qualified scientists in various job settings. Scientists may specialize in one or more branches of ecology, hydrology, or other pertinent earth or life sciences. Environmental science jobs can be found at universities, private research institutions, government agencies, and non-profit conservation groups.
Researchers often focus on specific areas of environmental science, such as ecological development, hydrology and water cycles, and climate change. Ecology specialists study the interactions that living things have with the environment and with each other. Hydrologists monitor changes in water temperature and precipitation levels, and climate change environmental scientists try to explain global warming patterns and weather phenomena.
Environmental scientists in research positions often spend a significant amount of time outdoors making observations and collecting samples. They take careful measurements of temperature, barometric pressure, humidity and other variables. In the laboratory, scientists analyze samples of water, air, soil and living matter to identify their physical and chemical properties. They track changes in samples over time and write detailed scientific reports based on their findings.
Many environmental science jobs are found in government agencies and conservation organizations. Conservation scientists investigate the impacts of human activity on specific ecosystems and the environment as a whole. They can conduct long-term studies of an area, tracking changes in climate, air quality, and plant and animal populations. Some professionals take tours of national and state parks, educate the public on different ways to conserve resources, and actively participate in environmental cleanup and recycling efforts.
To obtain most environmental science jobs, applicants must possess at least bachelor’s degrees from accredited universities. Most employers, especially universities and government institutions, require a scientist to obtain a master’s or doctoral degree before conducting independent research. Individuals with doctoral degrees are qualified to teach environmental science courses and lead laboratory teams at colleges and universities.
As the general public becomes more environmentally conscious, the number of environmental science jobs will continue to increase. Experts are needed to create new environmental protection policies, educate the public about conservation and sustainability, and encourage the development of alternative fuel and energy sources. Environmental scientists ensure that businesses and industries can thrive while protecting, rather than destroying, ecosystems and the wider environment.
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