The Epstein-Barr IgG test is a blood test that looks for the Epstein-Barr virus, which is transmitted through saliva. The test is noninvasive, but individuals may experience some discomfort during the blood draw. The test is used to diagnose ongoing or previous infections, and symptoms may include fever, sore throat, and fatigue. If the test comes back positive, individuals should rest for several weeks and avoid activities that can lead to a rupture.
The Epstein-Barr immunoglobulin G (IgG) test is a noninvasive test that looks for the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), a member of the herpes family that is transmitted through saliva. The test is a simple blood test, and individuals can expect a simple blood draw. For the most part, there’s no need for advance preparation for the test.
Individuals undergoing the Epstein-Barr IgG test will have a blood sample taken via a needle in the arm. For many, this is a simple procedure that involves only the brief pain of a needle prick when it is pushed into a vein, and some discomfort when it is withdrawn. Afterward, there may be constant, throbbing tenderness and some bruising.
Others may have some difficulty if their veins are small or hard to find; for these individuals, healthcare providers may need to try multiple times to obtain a complete sample for Epstein-Barr IgG Test screenings. Applying a lotion or moisturizer several times throughout the day before drawing blood can help make inserting the needle less painful. Blood is usually drawn from the elbow, so applying lotion to the inside of the arm may help relieve pain at the time of extraction. Drinking lots of water the day before your extraction and going for a brisk walk before your appointment can help get your blood flowing and also make it easier to have an extraction.
To complete the Epstein-Barr IgG test, doctors will look for signs of viral capsid antigens and early D antigens, which will indicate an ongoing infection. Previous infections can also be found by looking for Epstein-Barr nuclear antigen. These markers are tested in individuals who show the outward symptoms of mono but have tested negative for this common disease.
Symptoms that may lead to having an Epstein-Barr IgG test include fever, sore throat, swollen lymph nodes, and fatigue. Individuals may also suffer from an enlarged spleen or liver. Sometimes, the test may be given to a person who has no symptoms but has been exposed to another person diagnosed with mono. Pregnant women with flu-like symptoms may also be tested. It is estimated that 95% of some populations will be infected with EBV by age 40, although most become infected in childhood.
If Epstein-Barr IgG test results come back positive, people can expect to be instructed to rest for several weeks. While there are no drugs to speed up the recovery process, the body can fight the virus on its own with sleep and rest, and by avoiding sports, stress, and heavy lifting. Younger patients will experience less severe symptoms, while adults can expect a higher chance of liver or spleen swelling, making it extremely important to avoid activities that can lead to a rupture.
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