Excess low-density lipids (LDL) increase the risk of heart disease, stroke, and high blood pressure, while high-density lipids (HDL) prevent some of the diseases caused by LDL. Excess triglycerides also lead to a higher risk of developing heart disease. Treatment includes diet changes and medication. Patients are monitored for additional risks and may need to continue medication for life.
When people think of excess lipids, they usually think of blood lipid measurements that measure cholesterol and triglycerides. High levels of certain blood lipids can increase your risks of a number of health conditions.
A lipid profile test divides lipids into three categories: high-density lipids, low-density lipids, and triglycerides. When a doctor examines a person’s health based on these measurements, he or she looks for excess low-density lipids.
Low-density lipids (LDL) in high numbers are sometimes referred to by healthcare professionals as high “bad” cholesterol. Excess lipids of this type increase the risk of heart disease, stroke, and high blood pressure. Particularly at risk are the arteries, where LDL can build up and create blockages, which can pose a significant threat to a person’s health.
Conversely, high-density lipids (HDL) are called “good” cholesterol. Having excess HDL does not pose a health risk, as it actually prevents some of the diseases caused by LDL – HDL keeps LDL in check. Low amounts of HDL combined with high LDL further increase your risk of heart disease.
Excess lipids which are triglycerides also lead to a higher risk of developing heart disease. A person with high LDL and triglyceride levels has a much higher risk of developing disease affecting the cardiovascular system, particularly when low HDL levels accompany these measurements.
People who have high levels of “bad” lipids can be treated in a variety of ways. They are typically encouraged to change their diet to make more HDL and lower LDL and triglycerides. When diet alone isn’t enough to effect the change, medical professionals may also consider medications, which can help reduce excess lipids.
Patients with excess lipids are monitored for additional heart and arterial disease risks and will likely have more frequent blood tests to be sure their cholesterol levels are going down. Those with high cholesterol will likely need to continue on a reduced-fat diet and may need to continue taking medications for life.
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