Eye dominance: what is it?

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Ocular dominance, or ocular dominance, refers to the inclination to prefer the visual input of one eye over that of the other eye. It is also called “eye”, with the use of this word similar to the use of “hand”. About two thirds of the general population are right eye dominant, while the remaining one third are left eye dominant. Some people have neither left nor right eye domain.

The concept of handedness somehow provides a clue as to what eye dominance is. In handedness, the right cerebral hemisphere controls the left hand, while the left cerebral hemisphere controls the right hand. Most people are left brain and right hand dominant. The laterality of the dominant hand and the laterality of the dominant eye are not always the same, because both the right and left cerebral hemispheres control both eyes, but they deal with the different halves of both retinas. Dominance can change based on gaze direction because it causes a change in the size of the retinal image.

Ocular dominance can be classified as weak or strong. Among people with very strong ocular dominance, there is usually an underlying eye disease such as strabismus or amblyopia. In strabismus, the eyes are misaligned, such that in any particular case, only one eye sees the object of consideration. The nonpreferred or nondominant eye often develops decreased visual acuity or amblyopia despite the absence of detectable disease.

In sports that require precision, such as darts, archery, and shooting, a person relies primarily on their dominant eye for correct aim. Cross-dominance, a phenomenon in which the dominant hand is on the side opposite the dominant eye, is a performance-enhancing factor in sports such as golf, baseball or cricket. There is, however, no documented hard evidence regarding this theory.

Tests for ocular dominance include the Miles test, Porta test, Dolman method or hole-in-the-card test, near-point convergence test, lens fogging technique, and camera test . The Dolman method is a forced choice test of dominance and allows only a left eye or right eye result, meaning it does not effectively determine whether a person has nondominance. An objective test of ocular dominance is the near point of convergence test, in which the person being tested fixes his or her eyes on an object moving toward the nose until the non-dominant eye diverges. Knowing a person’s ocular dominance is important in contact lens calibration, refractive surgery, and cataract surgery, which aim to correct monovision.

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