Facial biometrics uses facial characteristics to identify individuals through facial recognition systems. It is used for security and investigative purposes, and can analyze distinctiveness, robustness, and measurability. Facial biometric scanning systems use various facial features for analysis, such as smile recognition and facial thermograms. It is considered non-intrusive and can be used for covert operations and surveillance. Existing databases of facial records are important for comparisons. It has been used for security purposes, such as shoplifting cases and access control.
Facial biometrics is a method used for the identification of human beings based on their facial characteristics. Advances in technology have made facial biometrics possible through facial recognition systems, which are computer applications. These systems process an individual’s various facial biometric data and compare those measurements to a database. Applications of facial biometrics are typically used for various security or investigative purposes, such as access control, identity access management, and surveillance.
Biometrics typically refers to physical or behavioral characteristics used to identify or verify individuals. Physiological biometrics can include fingerprints, facial features, and DNA, among other traits. Behavioral biometrics uses data such as the tone of a person’s voice or the way they walk to help identify them.
Facial biometrics are commonly divided into three main areas: distinctiveness, robustness and measurability. Particularity involves the facial features of an individual that differ from those of the general population. Robustness analyzes how facial features can change over time, looking for features that are more constant and not susceptible to the passage of time. Measurability refers to how easily facial features can be identified.
With advances in technology, facial biometric scanning systems have become more common. These computer applications can use any number of facial features to perform an analysis. Computers using facial biometrics examine the general spatial geometry of the face. Other methods include smile recognition which analyzes the changes in wrinkle patterns on a face when it smiles. Facial thermograms detect facial heat patterns unique to each person using an infrared camera.
Facial biometrics can use all of this material to help make identifications through the widespread presence of cameras and surveillance cameras. Professionals consider this form of investigation non-intrusive, because only a video recording of a face is needed to perform the analysis and detention of an individual is not required. This usually avoids any possible legal or conflict issues. In this regard, facial recognition systems could be beneficial for covert operations and surveillance.
Existing databases of facial records are an important part of facial biometrics. Security organizations usually have access to any number of facial biometrics, such as mug shots. By comparing surveillance footage, the data can be compared with already existing records.
Facial biometrics have been used for a wide variety of security purposes. These include shoplifting cases, where the defendant is filmed by a security camera. The study of facial biometrics can ascertain whether the person is guilty. Access to buildings or other private areas can be granted by a computer application that recognizes the individual and allows access.
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