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Motor development in early childhood is influenced by factors such as physical growth, encouragement from caregivers, genetics, and gender. As a child grows, their physical abilities typically increase, and parental involvement and instruction can help them progress. Genetics can determine how quickly a child develops physically, and gender can affect motor skill development. Boys tend to develop gross motor skills faster, while girls tend to develop fine motor skills faster.
Several factors influence motor development in early childhood. The most common is as a child grows: as his body changes, his physical abilities typically increase. Encouragement from a parent or caregiver also plays a role in motor development in early childhood. In many cases, genetics can determine how slowly or quickly a child learns to use their body, and some research indicates that a child’s gender may also be a factor.
When a baby is born, he is physically unable to do much. His neck muscles aren’t strong enough to lift his head, and his eyes aren’t developed enough to locate an object so his hands can grasp it, among other physical limitations. As a child grows, however, the body develops and, in healthy children, becomes capable of performing these tasks. In general, once a child is physically able to do something, he or she will try it accidentally or intentionally, whether by standing, running across the yard, or building a tower from blocks. Health issues, whether it’s damage caused by illness or physical defects, can delay a child’s motor skill development.
In otherwise healthy and physically capable children, the involvement, instruction, and encouragement of a parent or caregiver are the primary factors influencing motor development in early childhood. As with most things, young children learn much of what they know just by watching adults go about their daily activities. Encouragement from these adults to attempt these skills is often all a child needs to progress. Playing with toys and other objects with adults and receiving instruction on how to manipulate toys or objects also play a role in developing a child’s fine motor skills. A child who receives little instruction or limited interaction will typically take longer to develop, as he generally has to figure things out by accident.
Genetics is also thought to play a role in motor development in early childhood. A child’s genetic makeup can determine how quickly she develops physically, and this will determine whether she is physically capable of completing tasks. His natural skill levels and the way his body is built will also play a significant role in reaching motor milestones slowly, quickly or averagely.
In some cases, a child’s gender can affect motor skill development, although this will vary drastically by child, including their health, environment, and genetics. On average, boys tend to develop gross motor skills faster, while girls tend to develop fine motor skills faster. Due to the physical differences between boys and girls, it is common for boys to be able to advance more quickly in areas that require strength, while girls tend to develop the ability to combine two different skills simultaneously before boys of the same age are able to. able to do so.
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