Physical development in early childhood is influenced by factors such as genetics, environment, nutrition, and physical activity. Illnesses, malnutrition, and lack of exercise can negatively impact development, while vaccinations and rehabilitation therapy can help improve it.
Several factors can influence physical development in early childhood. Participation in physical activities such as running, climbing or playing ball will promote normal physical development in early childhood. Proper diet and nutrition during infancy and toddler years will also promote normal growth and physical development. Illness or disease can affect a child’s physical development. Most medical experts and scientists believe that hereditary factors also influence growth and development during the early childhood years.
Genetics play a key role in physical development in early childhood. Some children grow at a seemingly fast pace, while others are smaller than average. A child considered small for his age may have parents who are shorter than the average. In many cases, the rate of physical development in children is related to the rate of development their parents have achieved at the same age.
The environment in which a child is raised can play an important role in childhood development. Children exposed to air pollution can develop chronic lung disease or bouts of pneumonia. A child who is exposed to extremely loud noise on a daily basis may suffer from hearing loss, which can show up early in school. Children living in a stressful environment can develop poor eating habits which can contribute to obesity.
Malnourished children will typically experience abnormal physical development. This can include soft bones from a lack of calcium or a weakened immune system. Malnutrition can also lead to early tooth decay in children.
Also, children who don’t receive childhood vaccinations can develop illnesses. Some childhood illnesses can negatively affect a child’s physical development or cause serious health complications, such as heart disease. According to medical experts, a child who has been vaccinated against various diseases has a better chance of developing normally.
Physical development can also be impaired when young children are not getting adequate physical activity on a regular basis. Experts recommend that parents encourage three-year-olds to participate in physical activities every day. Regular exercise can strengthen bones and muscles, as well as improve coordination in very young children.
Chronic illnesses or serious illnesses, such as cystic fibrosis, cancer or asthma can also affect physical development in early childhood. Certain medical conditions such as cerebral palsy can impair motor skills and coordination in young children. In many cases, physical rehabilitation therapy can improve or develop a child’s fine and gross motor skills.
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