Fetal distress can occur during pregnancy or labor and is characterized by signs of disease or abnormal conditions in the fetus. Symptoms include decreased fetal movement and changes in heart rate, often caused by oxygen deprivation. Doctors may monitor the baby’s heart rate and may induce labor or perform an emergency C-section if necessary. Certain conditions, such as weight problems and diabetes, increase the risk of fetal distress. Adequate prenatal care and avoiding alcohol and drugs can reduce the chance of significant problems.
Fetal distress is a broad medical term that describes signs of disease or an abnormal condition in a fetus. Symptoms often appear during labor when the fetus experiences extreme stress, but they can also be evident during pregnancy. Fetal discomfort may be monitored by doctors until the problem becomes apparent or the condition of the fetus deteriorates considerably. If the case becomes serious, doctors have a variety of options to help the child.
There are several common symptoms of fetal distress that expectant mothers and their doctors should keep an eye out for during pregnancy. One of the most obvious is a decrease or cessation of fetal movement. Heart rate may decrease or increase if a baby is in fetal distress, particularly during labor contractions. To test for changes in heart rate, some doctors may insist on monitoring the baby’s heart rate during labor, making sure any changes are immediately apparent.
One of the leading causes of fetal distress is oxygen deprivation. This can be the result of several problems, such as an abnormal fetal position or problems with the umbilical cord. If a doctor thinks the deprivation is temporary and correctable, she may give the mother an IV to increase the flow of oxygen until the baby’s heartbeat stabilizes. In some cases, a doctor may choose to deliver a baby immediately rather than risk brain damage or possible death.
If a case of fetal distress isn’t easily corrected, the best option may be to get the baby out of the womb and get medical attention right away. This can be accomplished by inducing labor via medications or by performing an emergency C-section. Understandably, this process can be quite scary and stressful for a mother expecting a normal birth. Experts recommend that expectant mothers prepare for this possibility, knowing that it may be best for their baby’s health.
There are some conditions that can increase the risk of fetal distress. Women who suffer from weight problems, diabetes, those who use alcohol or drugs, and women who carry multiple babies are all more likely to experience fetal distress issues. If any of these conditions occur, some recommend having an open discussion with your doctor about what his exact plan is in the event of fetal distress. This can help prepare mothers for all options and keep them from panicking in case an emergency delivery is needed.
Many babies experiencing fetal distress are able to make a full recovery with no lingering effects. In some cases, however, oxygen deprivation can cause permanent damage. Brain damage, slowed rates of development, and death are all possible consequences of this condition. By ensuring adequate and careful antenatal care and avoiding alcohol and drugs during pregnancy, the chance of significant problems can be greatly reduced
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