Soil scientists analyze soil to understand its impact on agriculture and the environment. A degree in soil science or a related field is required, with options for specialization in Soil Science or Environmental Soil Science. Graduate degrees and internships are recommended for research and teaching positions. Licensing may be required in some regions.
Social scientists are tasked with carefully analyzing the upper layers of the Earth’s crust, known as soil, and then interpreting this data to better understand how soil functions as a resource. In particular, they want to know how soil affects agricultural production and environmental quality. To become a soil scientist, therefore, one must have a thorough understanding of soil biology, chemistry and physics, which can often only be obtained through a bachelor’s degree at an agricultural university.
To become a soil scientist, one must pursue a degree in soil science or a closely related field such as earth science or natural resources. If you are pursuing soil science, the two specialties to choose from are Soil Science and Environmental Soil Science. Though closely related, they differ in the skills learned.
Soil Science provides students with the knowledge needed to assess soil resources and then act accordingly with land use planning and other skills learned. Students who choose this option often go on to work as agricultural consultants, agricultural consultants or soil conservationists. Environmental Soil Science is more focused on the skill set needed to deal with soil quality issues such as soil decontamination, nutrient management and soil degradation. Students in this program go on to obtain environmental positions related to removing contaminants, handling waste disposal or treating water quality.
Students who want to become a soil scientist who conducts research or teaches at a university must also earn a master’s or doctoral degree. They should also pursue internships and work-study programs so that they can gain first-hand experience in the field. Students also have the additional option of earning a certificate from the Soil Science Society of America (SSSA).
After finishing school, students who want to become a soil scientist must work with the college’s placement office to locate a job. Remember that beginning soil scientists often start as assistants to a more experienced soil scientist. In due course, a young soil scientist can become a team leader or supervisor. Management opportunities are generally limited to those with graduate degrees.
Another thing to keep in mind is that some regions require a prospective soil scientist to be licensed. Without a license, the individual cannot practice his craft. The process involves registering with the local licensing board and completing one or more exams. Proper completion of the process generates an official license or certificate.
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