Pulp making involves combining organic materials with water, chemicals and heat to create cellulose fibers. The wet fiber blend undergoes a molding process to create various paper products. Companies may use used paper products or plants/wood as a source of pulp fibers.
Pulp making involves harvesting a variety of organic materials and combining these materials with water, chemicals and heat, reducing paper and plants into cellulose fibers. Some companies in the pulp and paper industry dehydrate the pulp, roll the product into sheets, and package the recycled paper for shipment to paper mills. Other companies produce and process the pulp on site before using it to make various paper products.
Many companies purchase used paper products for pulp production. The paper is chopped or shredded and combined with water in large vats. Pulp manufacturers might add chlorine or hydrogen peroxide to the mix to remove the ink. Paper products absorb the liquid and eventually dissolve into cellulose fibers which are filtered out of the liquid.
The wet fiber blend often undergoes a molding process, which produces beverage trays, egg cartons, and other configurations that serve as support systems in packaging. Pasta companies transfer the wet mix to single or double molds which are then pressurized, removing 70% to 90% of the moisture. Once formed into the desired shape, the patterned paper is transferred to ovens which further dehydrate the product.
Companies that recycle packaging paper typically produce four different categories of products. Produces specially designed thick wall patterned paper with a smooth outer surface. Shaped paper can be up to 0.5 inches (1.27 centimeters) thick. Companies generally use two dies when creating thin-walled products, which produce smooth surfaces on both the top and bottom of the container that can measure up to 0.18 inches (0.45 centimeters) thick. These are often used for food packaging.
Thermoformed fiber products contain highly condensed cellulose fibers that are heat and pressure treated while in the mold. Although measuring only 0.125 inches (0.3 centimeters) thick, the density of the fiber provides greater strength than other molded products. Processed molded products may contain chemical additives for longer life. Further processing might involve cutting the patterned paper into specific shapes or applying a protective coating.
In addition to paper recycling, some pulp companies use plants or wood as a source of pulp fibers. Factories around the world could use leaves from abaca, jute or sisal plants. After cutting the plants into pieces, large vats are filled with the plant material, chemicals and water and the mixture is cooked until the pieces dissolve into fibers. Wood is often recycled in a similar way.
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