Inner Mongolia and Outer Mongolia are different regions. Inner Mongolia is an autonomous region in China, while Outer Mongolia is a sovereign state. Outer Mongolia has a population of 2.8 million, mostly Khalkh Mongolian, and is mostly rural. Inner Mongolia has a population of 23.8 million and is more developed, with an economy based on agriculture, mining, and metallurgy. Ulaan Baatar, the capital of Outer Mongolia, is the coldest capital in the world and is known for its Buddhist monasteries.
The terms Inner and Outer Mongolia are sometimes confused, despite the fact that they describe completely different Asian regions. Inner Mongolia refers to the Mongolian Autonomous Region located within the People’s Republic of China. Known as Öbür Mongghul-un Öbertegen Jasaqu Orun by locals, Inner Mongolia occupies 12% of China’s total land area. Outer Mongolia, on the other hand, is a term mostly used by foreigners to refer to the sovereign state of Mongolia, which has no relation to China. This country sometimes includes part of the Russian republic of Tannu Uriankhai, but this is under dispute and there is no formal word on whether the area should be mentioned as part of Mongolia. In the Chinese language, the name of Outer Mongolia is Mengguguo, which means “State of Mongolia”.
Outer Mongolia has a population of 2,832,224; 94.9 percent are Khalkh Mongolian. The rest unites small groups of Turks, Russians and Chinese. Interestingly, Mongols also make up the majority of residents in Inner Mongolia, outnumbering Chinese citizens in some regions. While a third of the population lives in the capital, Ulaan Baatar, the country is mostly rural and underdeveloped. Life expectancy is still low at 64.9 years. The nomadic lifestyle is prevalent and has contributed to the slow growth of the nation.
Inner Mongolia is slightly more developed, with a population of 23,840,000. The economy is based on agriculture, mining and coal production, power generation, and metallurgy. The population is mostly sedentary; Mongol groups, who would be nomadic in Outer Mongolia, also chose to settle down and engage in local industry and agriculture. This has had a great impact on the education level of the population, as more children attend regular schools than in Outer Mongolia.
Ulaan Baatar, the country’s capital, is the coldest capital in the world, with average annual temperatures of -29.7°C. Despite being the capital, Ulaan Baatar is an underdeveloped city, with some of the main roads still unpaved and an unreliable public transport system. Outer Mongolia is famous for its many Buddhist monasteries, including the Gandantegchinlen Khiid Monastery which is famous for its colossal statues.
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