International criminal law deals with serious crimes such as war crimes, crimes against humanity and genocide. Tribunals are established to deal with specific issues, often headed by the United Nations. The Nuremberg Trials and the Rwandan genocide are examples of international criminal tribunals.
International criminal law is used in cases such as war crimes, crimes against humanity and genocide. These crimes are generally committed against citizens of countries rather than against governments, but the crimes are serious enough to cause concern even among nations whose citizens have not been targeted. There are no clearly defined parameters in international criminal law, but many nations are able to agree on basic principles of behavior and what is acceptable or unacceptable. When an action is found to have violated international criminal law, a tribunal, a temporary tribunal, could be established to deal with specific issues. Courts have been convened to deal with issues such as the actions of the Nazis during World War II and the Rwandan genocide.
Many international criminal law tribunals are headed by the United Nations, an organization of which more than 180 countries are members. The International Court of Justice of the United Nations is located in the Netherlands, a neutral country that does not take sides in international affairs. While courts may be held at the International Court of Justice, this is not required.
Perhaps the best-known example in modern history of an international criminal tribunal is the Nuremberg Trials. After World War II, the International Criminal Court prosecuted former Nazi soldiers and Nazi doctors. The Nuremberg Trials lasted from 1945 to 1949. Charges at the Nuremberg Trials included conspiracy to wage aggressive warfare, wage aggressive warfare, war crimes, and crimes against humanity.
The Nuremberg Trials took place in Nuremberg, Germany. After these international trials concluded, multiple Nazi war criminals were tried in the same courtroom, but each of the subsequent trials was held by a country instead of the international community. For example, the United States prosecuted Nazi doctors for cruel medical experiments on children and adults, and Great Britain prosecuted those responsible for managing the Bergen-Belsen concentration camp.
Another well-known tribunal was held to address the genocide in Rwanda, a country on the African continent. The people in the area belonged to different tribes, and during the struggle for land and supremacy, one group attempted to kill another tribe outright. An international criminal tribunal has been convened to address grievances by surviving victims of attempted genocide.
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