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Portugal has had the same border with Spain since the Treaty of Alcanizes in AD 1297. San Marino is the oldest settled country in Europe, while Kosovo is the most recent. Vatican City is the smallest country in Europe, and Gibraltar has the densest population.
Portugal is the European country whose borders have remained officially unchanged for the longest time. The border between Portugal and Spain – Portugal’s only land border – was established in the Treaty of Alcanizes in AD 1297. Although some areas of Portugal remained under Spanish control for years, the official border between the two countries remained unchanged.
Learn more about European countries:
The oldest settled country in Europe is San Marino, which established its independence in AD 301. The most recent country to settle is Kosovo, which declared independence in 2008.
The smallest country in Europe is Vatican City, which has an area of about 0.2 square miles (about 0.5 square kilometers). The next smallest country, Monaco, is more than three times the size of the Holy See (AKA Vatican City) with an area of approximately 0.7 square miles (about 1.8 square kilometers).
The area with the densest population in Europe is Gibraltar, a protectorate of the United Kingdom. As of 2009, Gibraltar had a population of approximately 31,000 people living in approximately 2.6 square miles (about 6.8 square kilometers) of space.
